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Black sea nettle

Chrysaora achlyos

Kuhusu jina: Chrysaora comes from Chrysaor, a figure in Greek mythology, and means "he who has a golden sword". The species name comes from a Greek word meaning mist, darkness or obscurity, which refers to its colour and how rarely it is seen.1

Inauma tuUsiguseInauma, lakini haitakudhuru vibaya.

Yavuyavu na wadungaji wa baharini

Mikono inayodungaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

The black sea nettle is a large jellyfish with a dark purple to nearly black bell. It lives in the Pacific Ocean off western North America, and it is rare to see except in big swarms that appear in some years. Its stinging tentacles can cause a painful sting to people.1

Anaishi

Pacific Ocean off western North America, from Monterey Bay south to southern Baja California and Mexico; sightings reported as far north as British Columbia1

Bahari ya Atlantiki, Bahari ya Mediterania

Nyumbani

It lives in nearshore waters and is occasionally seen in surface waters, sometimes in very large swarms. Swarms have been recorded off Baja California and southern California.1

Urefu

1 m (3.3 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 1.9 kwa saa (maili 1.2 kwa saa)

Kuogelea, makadirio

Hula nini?

It feeds mainly on zooplankton and other jellyfish. It uses its stinging tentacles to immobilise its prey and capture it.1

Picha ya Black sea nettle — Black sea nettle. Picha: Port of San Diego. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

The bell is an opaque dark purple to nearly black colour.1
The edge of the bell has a lighter brown, net-like (reticulated) pattern.1
The bell can reach about 1 metre across, and the oral arms can extend 5 or 6 metres.1
There are marginal sense organs around the bell edge, one after every set of 3 tentacles, 8 in total.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: No other West Coast jelly that visits nearshore waters has this dark pigmentation, so the very dark colour is the main way to tell it apart.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Mikono inayodunga

Maelfu ya seli ndogo za kudunga hufyatuka kitu kikizigusa.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Each tentacle is covered in thousands of microscopic stinging cells called nematocysts. When touched, they fire a filament that injects toxins, which can kill smaller prey or stun predators. In people, the sting is usually not lethal but is painful and can last for forty minutes.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

The sting is usually not lethal to people, but it is painful and can last for about forty minutes.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

Its stinging tentacles fire venom-filled filaments on contact, which stun or deter anything that threatens it.1

Akidunga

Toka majini na uondoe vipande vya mikono iliyonata (kwa glavu au kitambaa).
Kwa yavuyavu sanduku wa kitropiki: mimina siki kwenye sehemu zilizodungwa kwa angalau sekunde 30, omba msaada na uwe tayari kufanya CPR. Kwa mabotoli ya bluu na wengine wengi: suuza kwa maji ya bahari, kisha maji ya moto kupunguza maumivu.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikudunga: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania Bahari ya Atlantiki Bahari ya Mediterania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 2 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 6 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kuogelea urefu wa bwawa kubwa (m 50) kwa sekunde 95

Black sea nettle ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Konokono wa bustanini takriban km 0.05 kwa saa (0.03 mph)

Black sea nettle takriban km 1.9 kwa saa (1.2 mph)

Mtu anayeogelea takriban km 3 kwa saa (1.9 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

It is thought to be the largest invertebrate described in the 20th century.1

Its stomach is lined with fibrous vessels that attach to prey, and its mouth-like openings, called darkmaws, close when exposed to bright light.1

It was only officially described in 1997, after large groups were found on the Pacific coast.1

Its swarms seem to coincide with red tides, which are blooms of the zooplankton it feeds on.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Chrysaora achlyos
Kundi: Yavuyavu na wadungaji wa baharini
Familia: Pelagiidae2
Mpangilio: Semaeostomeae
Mabara: Bahari ya Atlantiki, Bahari ya Mediterania, Bahari kuu
Hatari kwa watu: 2 / 5: Inauma3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Chrysaora achlyos (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Chrysaora achlyos (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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