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Irukandji jellyfish

Carukia barnesi

Anaweza kuuaUsiguseAnaweza kukuua bila matibabu. Akikudunga, tafuta msaada haraka.

Yavuyavu na wadungaji wa baharini

Mikono inayodungaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The Irukandji jellyfish is a tiny box jellyfish with a sting that can cause a serious illness called Irukandji syndrome. It lives in the open water near Australia, and it is hard to spot because it is so small.1

Anaishi

Open water near Australia, with most reported incidents in Australia, especially North Queensland1

Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Pasifiki, Bahari ya Matumbawe, Bahari ya Timor na Arafura

Nyumbani

It lives in open water. Most reported stings happen in Australia during the warm summer season. Swimmers in open water near North Queensland were the first people recorded with this syndrome.1

Urefu

5 cm (2 in)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 5 kwa saa (maili 3.1 kwa saa)

Kuogelea, makadirio

Hula nini?

Muscle cells in the tentacles bring food to the mouth, where it enters a stomach-like cavity and is digested. Its prey changes as it grows, from small invertebrates such as zooplankton and crustaceans to fish.1

Picha ya Irukandji jellyfish — Irukandji jellyfish. Picha: Lisa-ann Gershwin. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

The bell is square-shaped and very small, about 12 mm high and 30 mm across.1
It has four long tentacles, one from each corner of the bell.1
The tentacles range from 5 to 50 cm long.1
Its small size means it often goes unseen in open water.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: The common name Irukandji jellyfish is also used for other Irukandji jellyfish, such as Malo kingi. The name alone does not tell them apart.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Mikono inayodunga

Maelfu ya seli ndogo za kudunga hufyatuka kitu kikizigusa.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

This jellyfish is extremely venomous. Its venom comes from stinging cells called nematocysts in its tentacles and bell, and it changes as the jellyfish matures. A sting can cause Irukandji syndrome, with muscle aches, back pain, nausea, headaches, chest and stomach pains, sweating, high blood pressure and difficulty breathing.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

Irukandji syndrome can be severe, and the symptoms are described in detail in medical accounts. Most reported incidents have been in Australia during the warm summer season. Because the jellyfish is so small, people often do not see it before they are stung.1

Akidunga

In hospital, patients are given intravenous morphine, hydromorphone or fentanyl for pain. Pethidine is avoided because of its toxic metabolite norpethidine.1
Toka majini na uondoe vipande vya mikono iliyonata (kwa glavu au kitambaa).
Kwa yavuyavu sanduku wa kitropiki: mimina siki kwenye sehemu zilizodungwa kwa angalau sekunde 30, omba msaada na uwe tayari kufanya CPR. Kwa mabotoli ya bluu na wengine wengi: suuza kwa maji ya bahari, kisha maji ya moto kupunguza maumivu.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikudunga: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania Bahari ya Pasifiki Bahari ya Hindi Bahari ya Matumbawe Bahari ya Timor na Arafura

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

mfupi kuliko kidole chako kidogoangeweza kuogelea urefu wa bwawa kubwa (m 50) kwa sekunde 36

Irukandji jellyfish ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Mtu anayeogelea takriban km 3 kwa saa (1.9 mph)

Irukandji jellyfish takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

Mwogeleaji wa Olimpiki takriban km 8 kwa saa (5 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

Jack Barnes of Cairns, Australia, discovered the species. During an exploration aimed at finding the cause of Irukandji syndrome, he allowed himself, a lifeguard and his 9-year-old son to be stung.1

Irukandji syndrome, which this jellyfish can cause, was first identified after a group of swimmers were stung in open water near North Queensland, Australia.1

Its venom changes in composition as the jellyfish grows, matching its change in prey from invertebrates to fish.1

Its life cycle alternates between a young form that attaches to a reef or rock and an adult form that swims freely in the water.1

This jellyfish is a type of box jellyfish, a group known for potent venom.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Carukia barnesi
Kundi: Yavuyavu na wadungaji wa baharini
Familia: Carukiidae2
Mpangilio: Carybdeida
Mabara: Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Pasifiki, Bahari ya Matumbawe, Bahari ya Timor na Arafura, Bahari kuu
Watoto: Young jellyfish begin as a swimming planula larva, which settles on a reef or rock and grows into a polyp. The polyp later forms a colony that develops into an adult medusa.1
Hatari kwa watu: 4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Carukia barnesi (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Carukia barnesi (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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