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Australian box jellyfish

Chironex fleckeri

Kuhusu jina: The species is named after Doctor Hugo Flecker, who found the first specimen. Its genus name combines Chiron, a centaur from Greek myth, with the Latin word nex, meaning murder.1

AnauaUsiguseMmoja wa wanyama wanaoua zaidi Duniani. Akikudunga, omba msaada mara moja.Huua ndani ya dakika. Msaada lazima uwe tayari njiani.

Yavuyavu na wadungaji wa baharini

Mikono inayodungaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: AnauaMmoja wa wanyama hatari zaidi duniani.

The Australian box jellyfish is one of the most venomous animals in the world. It lives in the warm coastal waters of northern Australia and nearby parts of Southeast Asia. Its sting can cause extreme pain and can be deadly, so it is important to know how to recognise it and what to do.1

Anaishi

Northern Australia, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, Vietnam and nearby coasts1

Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Pasifiki, Bahari ya Matumbawe, Bahari ya Kusini ya China, Bahari ya Ufilipino, Bahari ya Timor na Arafura

Nyumbani

It lives in coastal waters, and is most common there in the warmer months. People meet it in shallow water near beaches, and breeding happens in lower river levels and mangrove channels.1

Urefu

16 cm hadi 35 cm (6.3 in hadi 1.1 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 7 kwa saa (maili 4.4 kwa saa)

Kuogelea: yavuyavu sanduku wanaweza kuogelea karibu noti 4

Hula nini?

It eats prawns, small fish, crabs, shrimp and other small sea animals. It catches them using its long, stinging tentacles.1

Picha ya Australian box jellyfish — Australian box jellyfish. Picha: Kai Squires. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

The bell is box-shaped and pale blue, with faint markings.1
The bell is usually about 16 cm across and can reach 35 cm.1
A cluster of 15 tentacles hangs from each of the four corners of the bell.1
It is almost completely transparent, so it is very hard to see in the water.1
When hunting, its tentacles can stretch to about 3 m long.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Mikono inayodunga

Maelfu ya seli ndogo za kudunga hufyatuka kitu kikizigusa.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom makes cells porous, so potassium leaks out of them. This causes hyperkalemia, a dangerous build-up of potassium in the blood, which can lead to heart and circulation failure. Stings cause excruciating pain and a burning feeling, and an untreated victim can die within two to five minutes.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: AnauaMmoja wa wanyama hatari zaidi duniani.

At least 64 deaths have been recorded in Australia. Most deaths in recent decades have been children, because their smaller bodies are at higher risk. Most stings are mild, but one animal's venom is said to be enough to kill 60 adults.1

Habari njema: madaktari wana dawa (ya kuzuia sumu) au matibabu ya hili.1

Akidunga

Diluted acetic acid, such as vinegar, is the recommended treatment, because it deactivates stinging cells that have not yet fired. Some North American toxicologists advise applying it for around 30 seconds. Pressure bandages are no longer recommended, because they can cause more stinging cells to fire.1
Toka majini na uondoe vipande vya mikono iliyonata (kwa glavu au kitambaa).
Kwa yavuyavu sanduku wa kitropiki: mimina siki kwenye sehemu zilizodungwa kwa angalau sekunde 30, omba msaada na uwe tayari kufanya CPR. Kwa mabotoli ya bluu na wengine wengi: suuza kwa maji ya bahari, kisha maji ya moto kupunguza maumivu.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikudunga: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania Bahari ya Pasifiki Bahari ya Hindi Bahari ya Matumbawe Bahari ya Kusini ya China Bahari ya Ufilipino Bahari ya Timor na Arafura

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na matofali 11 ya kuchezea yaliyopangwa mstariangeweza kuogelea urefu wa bwawa kubwa (m 50) kwa sekunde 26

Australian box jellyfish ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Mtu anayeogelea takriban km 3 kwa saa (1.9 mph)

Australian box jellyfish takriban km 7 kwa saa (4.4 mph)

Mwogeleaji wa Olimpiki takriban km 8 kwa saa (5 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

It has four clusters of eyes with 24 eyes in total, even though it has no central nervous system.1

Its tentacles are covered with millions of stinging cells that fire microscopic darts carrying venom.1

Its only known predators are green sea turtles and leatherback turtles, whose thick skin protects them from its stings.1

It is attracted to blue light, which makes it stream out its tentacles, while black objects make it move away.1

From certain angles, its pale blue bell looks like a human head or skull.1

Its name, 'hand of death', comes from its four appendages, which look like hands.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: Pressure bandages are the best first aid for a box jellyfish sting.

Ukweli: Pressure bandages were used until 2005, but health authorities no longer recommend them because they can trigger more venom release. Diluted vinegar is the recommended treatment.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Chironex fleckeri
Kundi: Yavuyavu na wadungaji wa baharini
Familia: Chirodropidae2
Mpangilio: Chirodropida
Mabara: Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Pasifiki, Bahari ya Matumbawe, Bahari ya Kusini ya China, Bahari ya Ufilipino, Bahari ya Timor na Arafura, Bahari kuu
Watoto: It lays eggs, and fertilised eggs develop into tiny polyps that bud into new young jellyfish, which return to the ocean.1
Hatari kwa watu: 5 / 5: Anaua3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Chironex fleckeri (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Chironex fleckeri (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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