No 0290 ci 1 402

Nose-horned viper

Vipera ammodytes

Ci turam: The scientific name ammodytes comes from Greek words meaning 'sand' and 'burrower' or 'diver', even though it prefers rocky places rather than sand.1

Mën na reyMën na la rey su ñu la fajul. Su la màttee, wutal ndimbal ci gaaw.

Vipère

Dafay màttDafay lekk: Yàpp

Musiba ci nit: Am na musiba loolMën na rey nit ku ñu fajul.

The nose-horned viper is a venomous snake with a small, soft horn on the tip of its snout. It lives on dry, rocky hillsides in northern Italy, the Balkans and parts of Asia Minor. It is often described as the most dangerous snake in Europe, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Dafay dund ci

Northern Italy, the Balkans, Greece, Turkey, Georgia and Syria, with records in southern Austria, Romania and Bulgaria.1

Tugal, Asi

Kër

It mainly lives on dry, rocky hillsides with sparse plants. It is sometimes found in woodland edges and clearings, and near people on railway embankments, farmland and vineyards where rubble piles and stone walls are present. At lower latitudes it may be found above 2000 m.1

Guddaay

14 cm ba 85 cm (5,5 in ba 2,8 ft)1

Gaawaay bu gën a kawe

lu tollu ci 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)

Ci suuf, xalaat

Lan lay lekk?

Adults mainly eat small mammals and birds, and juveniles mostly eat lizards. Larger prey is struck, released, tracked and then swallowed, while smaller prey is swallowed without using the venom.1

Fotoy Nose-horned viper — Nose-horned viper. Foto: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Ni ngay ko xàmmee

A single small, soft and flexible horn on the snout, about 5 mm long.1
Males have a dark blotch or V-shaped marking on the back of the head and a thick black stripe running from behind the eye to the jaw.1
Males usually have a black tongue and a golden or coppery iris.1
Females are browner, with a less contrasting pattern and no dark blotch on the head.1
Both sexes have a dark zigzag stripe along the back, and the tail tip may be yellow, orange, red or green.1

Kàttanu daŋar

Dafay màtt

Daŋar bi dafay génn ci bëñam yi su màttee.

Lan la daŋar biy sóob di def?

The venom has both proteolytic (breaks down tissue) and neurotoxic (attacks the nerves) parts, and it contains blood-clotting agents. Bites cause pain, swelling and discolouration, which may start straight away, and there are also reports of dizziness and tingling. Humans respond rapidly to this venom.1

Ni mu lore nit ñi?

Musiba ci nit: Am na musiba loolMën na rey nit ku ñu fajul.

It is likely the most dangerous snake found in Europe, and in some areas it is a significant medical risk. The venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available. It is generally lethargic and not aggressive, and it tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Xibaar bu baax: doktoor yi am nañu garab (sérum antivenimeux) walla ab paj ngir lii.1

Lan lay def bu tiitee?

When surprised, some individuals stay still and hiss loudly, some hiss and then flee, and others try to bite immediately.1

Su màttee

Get to a hospital: the venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available.1
Def ba nit ki bañ a yëngu te dal, yemale cër bi ñu màtt ak kawewaayu xol bi, dindi jaaro yi ak lu xat lépp, te yóbbu ko lopitaan ci gaaw.

Saa su nekk, woo jëkk sa nimerob urgence (112, 000, 911). Lii ay ndigal yu yaatu ci ndimbal yu jëkk la, du ndigalu doktoor. Li war a xam ci ndimbal yu jëkk

Sàmmal sa bopp

Bul laal mukk, bul jàpp, bul sonal ab rab bu àll, doonte bu ndaw la, te doonte dafa mel ni dafa nelaw walla dafa dee.
May ko bérab. Su nga ko gisee, dalal, dellu ginnaaw ndànk-ndànk te bàyyi ko mu dem yoonam.
Su benn màttee la: dalal, bul yëngu, woo sa nimerob urgence (112, 000, 911) walla dem lopitaan ci gaaw. Bul fàtte ni mu meloon, ab nataal dina dimbali.

Du la wut. Dafay jëfandikoo daŋaram ngir jàpp lu muy lekk walla ngir aar boppam, te nëbbu moo ko gën a neex. Yeneen ci ni ngay sàmme sa bopp

Fan ci àddina?

Afrig Asi Tugal Amerig gu Bëj-gànnaar Amerig gu Bëj-saalum Ostarali ak Oseyani

Ni mu réye?

Ni mu guddoo?

guddu na ni 1,5 muusu kër, bakkan ba geenguddu na ni 5 banaana yu ñu toftalemën na daw 100 meetar ci 100 segond (nit ki gën a gaaw soxla na 9,6)

Nose-horned viper ni mu réye ci wetu YOW?

Ay waññ rekk ci sa navigateur. Dara du denc te dara du yónnee fenn.

Ni mu gaawe?

Ab mbonaat lu tollu ci 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Nose-horned viper lu tollu ci 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)

Ab nit kuy dox lu tollu ci 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

baax na xam

Xibaar

Its venom is used to make antivenin for the bites of other European vipers, and the snake is farmed for this purpose.1

Its horn is soft and flexible, not hard like a true horn.1

Before mating, males perform a combat dance, similar to that of adders.1

On one island, snakes were smaller than elsewhere, which suggests regional or island dwarfism.1

It hibernates for two to six months each year, depending on conditions.1

It is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother, so the young are born alive.1

Tasukatu léeb

Xalaat bu juum: Because of its reputation, it is an aggressive snake that bites readily.

Dëgg: It is generally lethargic and not at all aggressive. It tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Ngir boroom xam-xam ci daŋar

Turu xam-xam: Vipera ammodytes
Mbooloo: Vipère
Njaboot: Viperidae2
Toftal: Squamata
Kontinaa yi: Tugal, Asi
Liir yi: It gives birth to live young, with one to twenty born in late summer or autumn (August to October). The young are 14 to 24 cm long at birth.1
Ni mu nekke ci àll bi: Strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention1
Musiba ci nit: 4 / 5: Am na musiba lool3

Fa xibaar yi jóge

Vipera ammodytes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Vipera ammodytes (iNaturalist): tur ak ni ñu leen séddale.
Venom Wiki: tolluwaayu musiba bi, réyaay bu yem bi ak xalaatu gaawaay bi, nun ñoo leen defar. Seetal ni nu leen waññe: Ni nuy natte musiba.

Xibaar bu nekk ci xët wii am na ab nimero buy won fa mu jóge. Su nu juumee, baal nu, nun ay nit ñu bëgg rab lanu, du ab jurnaalu xam-xam. Wax nu ko ci [email protected] te dinanu ko jubbanti.

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