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Inombolo 1044 kwezi-1 402

Oak processionary

Thaumetopoea processionea

Malunga negama: The name comes from the caterpillars' habit of moving in nose-to-tail lines called processions.1

Kubuhlungu njeMusa ukuchukumisaKubuhlungu, kodwa akusayi kukwenzakalisa kakhulu.

Imibungu nezinambuzane

Iinwele ezihlabayoSitya: Izityalo

Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKunokuba buhlungu ngokwenene, kodwa phantse akusoze kube kubi kakhulu.

The oak processionary is a moth whose caterpillars feed on oak leaves and can strip trees bare. The caterpillars travel in long, nose-to-tail lines, which is how they got their name. Their fine, hair-like bristles can irritate skin and breathing, so they matter a lot to people.1

Sihlala

Central and southern Europe, occasionally as far north as Sweden; now established in the UK and Belgium1

IYurophu

Ekhaya

Oak forests and oak trees, where the caterpillars feed and build silk nests on trunks and branches. People can meet them in oak woodland, on the ground under oaks, and in gardens and parks with oak trees. Their hairs can also reach lawns and garden ponds.1

Ubude

2,5 cm ukuya ku-3,5 cm (1 in ukuya ku-1,4 in)1

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-0,03 km/h (0,02 mph)

Emhlabeni, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

Caterpillars eat oak leaves, feeding in the tree crowns at night and returning to their nests. They also eat the leaves of hazel, hornbeam, sweet chestnut, birch and beech, though oak is preferred.1

Ifoto ka-Oak processionary — Oak processionary. Ifoto: Kleuske. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

Adult moths have a wingspan of 25 to 35 mm and are tan, brown and white, which makes them hard to see against oak bark.1
Caterpillars have very long, white hairs that contrast with shorter hairs.1
Caterpillars march in lines, often arrow-shaped, with a leader and rows of several caterpillars side by side.1
Nests are white and silk-like when new, and become discoloured and hard to see over time.1
Nests can be round, teardrop-shaped, bag-like or blanket-like, and can be found at any height on an oak tree.1

Sidla ngokubhidaniswa no: Caterpillars of several other species may be mistaken for the oak processionary. Unlike other caterpillars, the oak processionary does not live on fences or walls, so it is mostly found in oak trees or on the ground beneath them in late spring and early summer.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Iinwele ezihlabayo

Iinwele ezincinci okanye iinwele ezirhabaxa ziyaqhawuka esikhumbeni kwaye ziyahlaba.

Ityhefu yaso yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba yenza ntoni?

The caterpillars' back bristles contain a urticating toxin called thaumetopoein, a protein that irritates the skin. Contact can cause a papular rash and itching, and the hairs can also cause eye inflammation (conjunctivitis). If the hairs are breathed in, they can cause sore throat (pharyngitis), breathing problems, asthma, or in rare cases anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKunokuba buhlungu ngokwenene, kodwa phantse akusoze kube kubi kakhulu.

The moths are an increasing nuisance to people as their range grows, and the hairs can cause a skin condition called epidemic caterpillar dermatitis. The hairs break off easily, float in the air, and can stay harmful for several seasons. Mowing a lawn can bring people into contact with them.1

Iindaba ezimnandi: oogqirha banamayeza (i-antivenom) okanye unyango lwale nto.1

Senza ntoni xa soyika?

The caterpillars defend themselves with thousands of pointed, easily broken bristles on their backs that float in the air and irritate the skin.1

Ukuba uchukumisa iinwele zaso

The skin irritation and itching can be largely relieved by cetirizine-based antihistamine tablets. Anyone with breathing problems or a severe reaction needs urgent medical help.1
Kwiinwele zemibungu ehlabayo: zisuse ngeteyipu encamathelayo, emva koko uhlambe isikhumba. Musa ukukhuhla.
Kukulunywa: hlamba uze upholise. Fumana uncedo lwezonyango ukuba umntu uziva engaphilanga kakuhle okanye wopha lula.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba uchukumisa iinwele zaso: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

malunga nobude besiqhobosho sephephasicotha kunenkumba yasegadini

U-Oak processionary mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Oak processionary malunga ne-0,03 km/h (0,02 mph)

Inkumba yasegadini malunga ne-0,05 km/h (0,03 mph)

Ufudo malunga ne-0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

Older caterpillars can have up to 63,000 pointed defensive bristles on their backs.1

In 2007, soldiers were deployed to burn infestations in the Belgian province of Limburg.1

The UK government spent £37 million trying to control the caterpillars, which had spread to all 33 London boroughs by 2019.1

In the Netherlands, great tits have been observed eating the young caterpillars before their hairs develop in April.1

In 2023, an outbreak in Ireland was successfully eradicated.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Thaumetopoea processionea
Iqela: Imibungu nezinambuzane
Usapho: Notodontidae2
Ucwangco: Lepidoptera
Amazwekazi: IYurophu
Iintsana: Eggs hatch into caterpillars that build communal silk nests in oak trees, and the caterpillars later pupate into adult moths in these nests.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 2 / 5: Kubuhlungu3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Oak processionary (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Thaumetopoea processionea (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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