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Sydney funnel-web spider

Atrax robustus

Malunga negama: The species name robustus comes from the Latin word for strong, sturdy or mature.1

SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana zibulalayo eMhlabeni. Ukuba siyakuluma, biza uncedo ngoko nangoko.Sibulala kwimizuzu embalwa. Uncedo kufuneka sele lusendleleni.

Ii-tarantula nee-funnel-web

UkulumaSitya: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi emhlabeni.

The Sydney funnel-web spider is a venomous spider from eastern Australia. It is found mostly within about 100 km of Sydney. Its bite can cause serious illness or death if it is not treated, so it is one of the most important spiders to know about in the region.1

Sihlala

Eastern Australia, mostly within a 100 km radius of Sydney, New South Wales1

IOstreliya neOceania

Ekhaya

It lives in moist places, such as under logs, rocks and foliage, and in moist sand and clay. Males often wander into backyards and houses, and can fall into swimming pools.1

Ubude

5 cm (2 in)1

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-1,4 km/h (0,87 mph)

Emhlabeni, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

It eats insects such as beetles and cockroaches, land snails, millipedes, lizards and frogs. It waits in a silk-lined burrow and rushes out when prey walks across the trip-lines around the entrance, then injects venom to subdue it.1

Ifoto ka-Sydney funnel-web spider — Sydney funnel-web spider. Ifoto: Sputniktilt. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

Body length is 1 to 5 cm.1
Both sexes are glossy and darkly coloured, from blue-black or black to brown or dark plum.1
The top of the body is almost hairless and looks smooth and shiny.1
It has finger-like spinnerets at the end of the abdomen.1
Males are smaller than females but have longer legs.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Ukuluma

Ityhefu iphuma ngamazinyo aso etyhefu okanye ngamazinyo aso xa siluma.

Ityhefu yaso yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba yenza ntoni?

The venom contains delta-atracotoxin, which affects the ion channels of nerves and makes it highly toxic to humans and other primates. Symptoms can include intense nausea, vomiting, excessive saliva, muscle twitching, breathing difficulty, confusion and unconsciousness. In severe cases, symptoms begin in under one hour, with a median time of 28 minutes in one study.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi emhlabeni.

A bite can cause serious illness or death if untreated. Children are at particular risk: in one study, 42% of severe cases were children. There is at least one recorded case of a small child dying within 15 minutes of a bite. Only the Sydney funnel-web and the northern tree-dwelling funnel-web have been known to cause fatal bites in humans. There have been no recorded deaths since antivenom became available in 1981.1

Iindaba ezimnandi: oogqirha banamayeza (i-antivenom) okanye unyango lwale nto.1

Senza ntoni xa soyika?

When threatened or provoked, it rears up on its hind legs, shows its fangs and may bite repeatedly while holding on tightly.1

Ukuba siyaluma

A Sydney funnel-web bite is a medical emergency that needs immediate hospital treatment. Guidelines recommend two vials of antivenom, or four if symptoms are severe, with patients assessed every 15 minutes and more vials given if symptoms do not resolve.1
Hlamba indawo elunyiweyo uze uyipholise. Fumana uncedo lwezonyango ukuba iintlungu zinamandla okanye umntu uziva engaphilanga kakuhle.
EOstreliya, nakuphi na ukulunywa sisigcawu esikhulu esimnyama kuphathe njengokulunywa yi-funnel-web: Ukubopha ngoxinzelelo nokunqanda ukushukuma (pressure immobilisation): songa ibhandeji eqinileyo enwebekayo phezu kwendawo elunyiweyo uze unyuke ngelungu lonke, uliqinise ngesiplinti, kwaye ugcine umntu engashukumi kwaphela de kufike uncedo.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba siyakuluma: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

mfutshane kunomnwe wakho omncincisingagqiba iimitha ezili-100 ngemizuzwana eyi-260 (owona mntu ukhawulezayo udinga i-9,6)

U-Sydney funnel-web spider mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Ufudo malunga ne-0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Sydney funnel-web spider malunga ne-1,4 km/h (0,87 mph)

Umntu ohambayo malunga ne-5 km/h (3,1 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

Males can survive submersion in water for up to twenty-four hours by trapping air bubbles on the hairs of their abdomen.1

One dose of antivenom needs around 70 milkings from a Sydney funnel-web spider.1

The most antivenom vials used to treat one bite is twelve, for a 10-year-old boy bitten in February 2017 by a male hiding in a shoe.1

Female spiders are long-lived and spend most of their time in their burrows. No severe envenoming by a female has been reported.1

Activity increases after heavy rain, because burrows can become flooded.1

Umqhekezi weentsomi

Intsomi: The male and female funnel-web spiders were thought to be different species.

Inyaniso: In 1927, Anthony Musgrave showed from anatomical similarities that the male Euctimena tibialis was the male of Atrax robustus, the same species as the female.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Atrax robustus
Iqela: Ii-tarantula nee-funnel-web
Usapho: Atracidae2
Ucwangco: Araneae
Amazwekazi: IOstreliya neOceania
Ingozi ebantwini: 5 / 5: Siyabulala3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Sydney funnel-web spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Atrax robustus (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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