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Àwòrán kátúùnù Alpine salamander
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Alpine salamander

Salamandra atra
Nípa orúkọ náà: The species name atra comes from the Latin ater, meaning dull black.1
AláìléwuKò léwu fún ènìyàn. Kò sí ohun tó yẹ kí ó dààmú ọ.
Àkèré onímájèlé, ọ̀pọ̀lọ́ àti newt Májèlé nínú awọ rẹ̀Oúnjẹ rẹ̀: ẸranOnímájèlé, kì í ṣe olóró
Ewu fún ènìyàn: Fúyẹ́Bí ìtani oyin tàbí kò tó bẹ́ẹ̀. Kò fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ léwu fún ènìyàn.

The alpine salamander is a dark, slow-moving amphibian that lives high in the mountains of Europe. It spends its whole life on land, sheltering under stones, logs and in rock crevices. It produces toxic compounds from its skin, which help protect it from predators.1

Onímájèlé tàbí olóró? Àwọn ẹranko olóró máa ń fi oró sínú ara nípa ìbùjẹ tàbí ìtani. Àwọn ẹranko onímájèlé léwu láti fọwọ́ kàn tàbí láti jẹ. Onímájèlé ni èyí.
Ó ń gbé ní
Alps and mountains of Europe: France, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina1
Yúróòpù
Ilé
Alpine salamanders live on land in forests and mountain meadows, usually above 700 metres. They shelter under stones or logs, or in rocky crevices, and they favour forests of silver fir, beech and spruce.1
Gígùn
14 cm sí 15 cm (5.7 in sí 5.9 in)1
Ìyára gíga jùlọ
nǹkan bí 0.5 km/h (0.31 mph)
Lórí ilẹ̀, àfojúbù
Kí ni ó máa ń jẹ?
Alpine salamanders eat small invertebrates such as beetles, snails, millipedes and spiders. Beetles and snails make up the most important part of their diet, and they tend to choose larger prey.1
Ní tòótọ́!Fọ́tò Alpine salamander
Alpine salamander. Fọ́tò: Aah-Yeah. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Bí o ṣe lè dá a mọ̀

  • Usually small and dark brown or black1
  • Some forms have yellow, golden or white spots or marks on the back and head1
  • Males have swollen, visible cloacae and are slimmer than females1
  • Elongated head shape, with glands behind and beside the eyes1
  • Between 11 and 13 grooves along each side of the body, and a double row of glands down the back1

A sábà máa ń ṣì í mọ̀ sí: Lanza's alpine salamander (Salamandra lanzai) is a similar species that lives in one small area of the western Alps. The Corsican fire salamander (Salamandra corsica) is the alpine salamander's closest related species.1

Agbára májèlé

Májèlé nínú awọ rẹ̀

Awọ rẹ̀ ní májèlé. Ó léwu láti fọwọ́ kàn án, lá a tàbí jẹ ẹ́.

Kí ni májèlé rẹ̀ máa ń ṣe?

Alpine salamanders produce toxic compounds from their skin. These compounds may protect them from predators and from microbes.1

Báwo ló ṣe léwu tó fún ènìyàn?

Ewu fún ènìyàn: Fúyẹ́Bí ìtani oyin tàbí kò tó bẹ́ẹ̀. Kò fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ léwu fún ènìyàn.

Kí ni ó máa ń ṣe nígbà tí ẹ̀rù bá bà á?

Their yellow markings are thought to be a warning colour that deters predators, and the pure black colouring may also warn some predators off.1

Bí ẹnìkan bá fọwọ́ kàn án tàbí jẹ ẹ́

  • Bí ẹnìkan bá fọwọ́ kan ọ̀kan: fọ ọwọ́ dáadáa, má sì fọwọ́ kan ojú tàbí ẹnu. Bí ọmọdé tàbí ẹran ọ̀sìn bá lá ọ̀kan tàbí jẹ ẹ́: pe ibùdó ìmọ̀ràn májèlé tàbí nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì.

Máa kọ́kọ́ pe nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì rẹ nígbà gbogbo (112, 000, 911). Èyí jẹ́ ìtọ́sọ́nà ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́ gbogbogbò, kì í ṣe ìmọ̀ràn ìṣègùn. Ìpìlẹ̀ ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́

Wà láìléwu

  • Má ṣe fọwọ́ kan, mú tàbí yọ ẹranko igbó lẹ́nu láéláé, kódà bí ó bá kéré, kódà bí ó bá dà bí ẹni pé ó ń sùn tàbí ó ti kú.
  • Fún un ní àyè. Bí o bá pàdé ọ̀kan, farabalẹ̀, sẹ́yìn díẹ̀díẹ̀ kí o sì jẹ́ kí ó máa bá ọ̀nà rẹ̀ lọ.
  • Bí o bá fọwọ́ kàn án tàbí jẹ ẹ́: má ṣe fọwọ́ pa ojú tàbí ẹnu rẹ, fọ ọwọ́ rẹ kí o sì wá ìrànlọ́wọ́ ìṣègùn.

Kò wá ọ kiri láti ṣe ọ́ léṣe. Májèlé rẹ̀ wà níbẹ̀ kìkì kí ohunkóhun má baà jẹ ẹ́. Sí i nípa wíwà láìléwu

Báwo ló ṣe tóbi tó?

Báwo ló ṣe gùn tó?

Alpine salamander gígùn rẹ̀ tó nǹkan bí 15 cm (5.9 in)Fóònù alágbèéká nǹkan bí 15 cm (5.9 in)Ọ̀gẹ̀dẹ̀ kan nǹkan bí 18 cm (7.1 in)
ó gùn tó bíríkì ìṣeré 5 tí a tò sí ìlà kan

Báwo ni Alpine salamander ṣe tóbi tó tí a bá fi wé ÌWỌ?

Ìṣirò nìkan nínú bráwúsà rẹ. A kò fi ohunkóhun pamọ́, a kò sì fi ránṣẹ́ sí ibikíbi.

Báwo ló ṣe yára tó?

ó yẹ ní mímọ̀

Òtítọ́

1

Alpine salamanders are fully terrestrial, so they never need water to breed. Unlike many salamanders, their young do not develop as larvae in water.1

2

Young snakes, especially juvenile European adders, are a notable predator. In some locations, alpine salamanders make up just under half of these snakes' diet.1

3

They mark their territory with faecal pellets. Their scent tells other salamanders whether a pellet was left by a member of the same sex and species, and warns them that the site is already claimed.1

4

They are very stationary animals. The furthest a tracked individual was seen to travel in one summer was 12 metres.1

5

Their colour varies a great deal. Some populations are completely black, while others have bright yellow, white or grey spotting.1

6

Alpine salamanders cannot regulate their own body temperature, so losing a shelter can be extremely costly, and even fatal.1

Fún àwọn amòye oró

Orúkọ sáyẹ́ǹsì
Salamandra atra
Ẹgbẹ́
Àkèré onímájèlé, ọ̀pọ̀lọ́ àti newt
Ìdílé
Salamandridae2
Ètò
Caudata
Àwọn kọ́ńtínẹ́ńtì
Yúróòpù
Àwọn ọmọ
They give birth to live young. Their larvae do not develop in water, because the whole life cycle takes place on land.1
Ọjọ́ ayé
nǹkan bí ọdún 101
Bí ó ṣe ń ṣe nínú igbó
Least Concern (IUCN Red List), although their numbers are decreasing and the subspecies S. a. aurorae is declining more quickly1
Ewu fún ènìyàn
1 / 5: Fúyẹ́3

Ibi tí àwọn òtítọ́ ti wá

  1. Alpine salamander (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Salamandra atra (iNaturalist): orúkọ àti ìpínsísọ̀rí.
  3. Venom Wiki: ìpele ewu, ìtóbi déédé àti àfojúbù ìyára jẹ́ tiwa. Wo bí a ṣe ń ṣírò wọn: Bí a ṣe ń díwọ̀n ewu.

Gbogbo òtítọ́ ojú-ìwé yìí ní nọ́ńbà tó tọ́ka sí orísun rẹ̀. Bí a bá ṣe àṣìṣe, má bínú, olólùfẹ́ ẹranko ni wá, kì í ṣe ìwé ìròyìn sáyẹ́ǹsì. Sọ fún wa ní [email protected] a ó sì tún un ṣe.

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