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Àwòrán kátúùnù Fire salamander
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Fire salamander

Salamandra salamandra
Ó kàn ń dunniMá ṣe fọwọ́ kàn ánÓ ń dunni, ṣùgbọ́n kò ní ṣe ọ́ léṣe gidigidi.
Àkèré onímájèlé, ọ̀pọ̀lọ́ àti newt Májèlé nínú awọ rẹ̀Oúnjẹ rẹ̀: KòkòròOnímájèlé, kì í ṣe olóró
Ewu fún ènìyàn: Ó ń dunniÓ lè dunni gan-an, ṣùgbọ́n kì í fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ le rárá.

The fire salamander is a black amphibian with bright yellow, and sometimes red or orange, markings. It lives in forests across most of southern and central Europe. Its bright colours warn predators that its skin is poisonous.1

Onímájèlé tàbí olóró? Àwọn ẹranko olóró máa ń fi oró sínú ara nípa ìbùjẹ tàbí ìtani. Àwọn ẹranko onímájèlé léwu láti fọwọ́ kàn tàbí láti jẹ. Onímájèlé ni èyí.
Ó ń gbé ní
Most of southern and central Europe, including the Balkans and Spain1
Yúróòpù
Ilé
Fire salamanders live in forests, especially deciduous woodland in hilly areas. They hide under fallen leaves, wood, stones and mossy tree trunks. They need small, clean brooks or ponds nearby for their young to develop, and people may meet them in damp woodland, especially in the evening, at night or on rainy days.1
Gígùn
15 cm sí 25 cm (5.9 in sí 9.8 in)1
Ìwúwo
40 g (1.4 oz)1
Ìyára gíga jùlọ
nǹkan bí 0.5 km/h (0.31 mph)
Lórí ilẹ̀, àfojúbù
Kí ni ó máa ń jẹ?
It mainly eats insects, spiders, millipedes, centipedes, earthworms and slugs. It occasionally eats newts and young frogs. It catches small prey with its vomerine teeth or the back of its tongue, to which the prey sticks.1
Ní tòótọ́!Fọ́tò Fire salamander
Fire salamander. Fọ́tò: Frank Vassen. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Bí o ṣe lè dá a mọ̀

  • Black with yellow spots or stripes; the amount of yellow varies, and some are almost completely black1
  • Shades of red or orange may appear, replacing or mixing with the yellow, depending on the subspecies1
  • Grows to 15 to 25 cm long, making it one of Europe's largest salamanders1
  • Males and females look very similar, except in the breeding season, when the male has a swollen gland near his vent1

Agbára májèlé

Májèlé nínú awọ rẹ̀

Awọ rẹ̀ ní májèlé. Ó léwu láti fọwọ́ kàn án, lá a tàbí jẹ ẹ́.

Kí ni májèlé rẹ̀ máa ń ṣe?

The fire salamander is poisonous rather than venomous, so it does not inject venom with a bite. Its skin secretions contain alkaloid toxins, mainly samandarin, which cause strong muscle convulsions and high blood pressure, combined with fast breathing, in all vertebrates. Another alkaloid, samandarone, has also been found in its skin secretions. The poison comes from glands concentrated around the head and along the back.1

Báwo ló ṣe léwu tó fún ènìyàn?

Ewu fún ènìyàn: Ó ń dunniÓ lè dunni gan-an, ṣùgbọ́n kì í fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ le rárá.

Some compounds in its skin secretions are potentially dangerous to human life. Touching the animal or handling its skin can expose people to the poison.1

Kí ni ó máa ń ṣe nígbà tí ẹ̀rù bá bà á?

Its bright yellow, red or orange colours warn predators that it is poisonous, and it releases toxins from its skin glands.1

Bí ẹnìkan bá fọwọ́ kàn án tàbí jẹ ẹ́

  • Bí ẹnìkan bá fọwọ́ kan ọ̀kan: fọ ọwọ́ dáadáa, má sì fọwọ́ kan ojú tàbí ẹnu. Bí ọmọdé tàbí ẹran ọ̀sìn bá lá ọ̀kan tàbí jẹ ẹ́: pe ibùdó ìmọ̀ràn májèlé tàbí nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì.

Máa kọ́kọ́ pe nọ́ńbà pàjáwìrì rẹ nígbà gbogbo (112, 000, 911). Èyí jẹ́ ìtọ́sọ́nà ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́ gbogbogbò, kì í ṣe ìmọ̀ràn ìṣègùn. Ìpìlẹ̀ ìtọ́jú àkọ́kọ́

Wà láìléwu

  • Má ṣe fọwọ́ kan, mú tàbí yọ ẹranko igbó lẹ́nu láéláé, kódà bí ó bá kéré, kódà bí ó bá dà bí ẹni pé ó ń sùn tàbí ó ti kú.
  • Fún un ní àyè. Bí o bá pàdé ọ̀kan, farabalẹ̀, sẹ́yìn díẹ̀díẹ̀ kí o sì jẹ́ kí ó máa bá ọ̀nà rẹ̀ lọ.
  • Bí o bá fọwọ́ kàn án tàbí jẹ ẹ́: má ṣe fọwọ́ pa ojú tàbí ẹnu rẹ, fọ ọwọ́ rẹ kí o sì wá ìrànlọ́wọ́ ìṣègùn.

Kò wá ọ kiri láti ṣe ọ́ léṣe. Májèlé rẹ̀ wà níbẹ̀ kìkì kí ohunkóhun má baà jẹ ẹ́. Sí i nípa wíwà láìléwu

Báwo ló ṣe tóbi tó?

Báwo ló ṣe gùn tó?

Fire salamander gígùn rẹ̀ tó nǹkan bí 25 cm (9.8 in)Ọ̀gẹ̀dẹ̀ kan nǹkan bí 18 cm (7.1 in)Ológbò ilé nǹkan bí 50 cm (1.6 ft)

Báwo ló ṣe wúwo tó?

ó wúwo tó pínì ìwé 40
ó gùn tó bíríkì ìṣeré 8 tí a tò sí ìlà kan

Báwo ni Fire salamander ṣe tóbi tó tí a bá fi wé ÌWỌ?

Ìṣirò nìkan nínú bráwúsà rẹ. A kò fi ohunkóhun pamọ́, a kò sì fi ránṣẹ́ sí ibikíbi.

Báwo ló ṣe yára tó?

ó yẹ ní mímọ̀

Òtítọ́

1

One fire salamander lived for more than 50 years in Museum Koenig, a natural history museum in Germany.1

2

Larvae do not make the poison. It develops as the salamander matures, in the ovaries, liver and testes.1

3

Its skin poison may also help protect it against bacterial and fungal infections of the skin.1

4

Its bright colours are a warning signal. Scientists call this aposematism, meaning the animal advertises that it is poisonous.1

5

Some subspecies give birth to live young, while others release larvae into water. Only two subspecies, fastuosa and bernadezi, give birth to fully formed young.1

6

In captivity, females can store sperm for a long time and use it to produce another clutch of eggs. This has not been seen in the wild.1

Fún àwọn amòye oró

Orúkọ sáyẹ́ǹsì
Salamandra salamandra
Ẹgbẹ́
Àkèré onímájèlé, ọ̀pọ̀lọ́ àti newt
Ìdílé
Salamandridae2
Ètò
Caudata
Àwọn kọ́ńtínẹ́ńtì
Yúróòpù
Àwọn ọmọ
Eggs develop inside the female, and she puts the larvae into water as they hatch. In some subspecies, the young develop inside the female until she gives birth to fully formed young.1
Ọjọ́ ayé
nǹkan bí ọdún 501
Bí ó ṣe ń ṣe nínú igbó
Vulnerable (IUCN Red List, 2023)1
Ewu fún ènìyàn
2 / 5: Ó ń dunni3

Ibi tí àwọn òtítọ́ ti wá

  1. Fire salamander (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Salamandra salamandra (iNaturalist): orúkọ àti ìpínsísọ̀rí.
  3. Venom Wiki: ìpele ewu, ìtóbi déédé àti àfojúbù ìyára jẹ́ tiwa. Wo bí a ṣe ń ṣírò wọn: Bí a ṣe ń díwọ̀n ewu.

Gbogbo òtítọ́ ojú-ìwé yìí ní nọ́ńbà tó tọ́ka sí orísun rẹ̀. Bí a bá ṣe àṣìṣe, má bínú, olólùfẹ́ ẹranko ni wá, kì í ṣe ìwé ìròyìn sáyẹ́ǹsì. Sọ fún wa ní [email protected] a ó sì tún un ṣe.

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