第 1217 號，共 1 402 號

Dusky spinefoot

Siganus luridus

名字的由來： Its scientific name, luridus, means 'pale yellow'. The collector of the first specimen gave it this name.1

只是會痛不要碰會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

有毒液的魚

有毒液的棘刺吃：植物

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The dusky spinefoot is a rabbitfish with venomous spines on its fins. It is native to the western Indian Ocean and has spread into the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal. People also catch it as a food fish.1

分布在

Western Indian Ocean, from Mozambique north to the Red Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea1

印度洋, 紅海, 地中海, 阿拉伯海與波斯灣

首頁

It lives at depths of 2 to 40 metres, in waters over hard surfaces such as coral and rocky reefs. Adults are often seen in schools, though single fish also occur.1

長度

30 cm (1 ft)1

最高速度

大約 5 km/h（3,1 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Adults graze on algae from the seabed. They feed on larger brown algae and other large water plants called macrophytes.1

Dusky spinefoot 的照片 — Dusky spinefoot。照片：Roberto Pillon。 CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Compressed (flattened from side to side) body1
Normally olive green to dark brown, with a mottled pattern1
Pale yellow pectoral fins and dark bars on the tail fin1
Dorsal fin with 13 to 14 spines, and a single row of incisor-like teeth in the jaws1
Usually about 20 cm long, and up to 30 cm1

毒液力量

有毒液的棘刺

尖銳的棘刺帶著毒液。踩到或抓到牠都會很痛。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The spines on its fins produce venom. In a study of a related rabbitfish, the venom was found to be similar to stonefish venom.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

When eaten, it has been linked to cases of mild ciguatera-like poisoning. Ciguatera is a form of food poisoning caused by toxins in some reef fish.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When threatened, it stops suddenly and raises its dorsal, anal and pelvic fins, showing an array of venomous spines around its body.1

如果牠的棘刺刺到你

把傷口泡在熱水裡，水溫要在傷者能忍受、又不會燙傷的範圍內（先用你自己的手試水溫），泡 30 到 90 分鐘。要就醫，特別是被石頭魚和魟魚刺傷時。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠的棘刺刺到：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲印度洋地中海紅海阿拉伯海與波斯灣

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 9 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 36 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Dusky spinefoot 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在游泳的人 大約 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

Dusky spinefoot 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Its spines are mainly a defence against predators. The highest predation pressure falls on its larvae and planktonic stages.1

It came to the Mediterranean through the Suez Canal. It was first recorded off Israel in 1955 and has since spread as far west as the French Mediterranean coast and the Adriatic Sea.1

It is a daytime feeder. At night it hides in cavities in the reef.1

It is an important fish for fisheries in the Mediterranean. In Kenya, it is caught mainly as bycatch.1

給毒液專家

學名: Siganus luridus
類群: 有毒液的魚
家人: Siganidae2
排序: Acanthuriformes
各大洲: 印度洋, 紅海, 地中海, 阿拉伯海與波斯灣, 海洋
寶寶: It spawns in April and from June to August, when seawater is between 24 and 29 °C. The eggs and larvae drift in the plankton near the surface.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3