第 1197 號，共 1 402 號

Red lionfish

Pterois volitans

名字的由來： The common name "lionfish" comes from the fins, which create an appearance similar to a mane, and the scientific name volitans means "flying", probably because of the large pectoral fins that resemble wings.1

需要看醫生不要碰很少致命，但如果被牠的棘刺刺到，要去看醫生。

有毒液的魚

有毒液的棘刺吃：肉

對人的危險: 嚴重如果被牠的棘刺刺到，要去看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

The red lionfish is a venomous coral reef fish with long, frilled fins that look like a mane. It is native to the Indo-Pacific, but it has spread into the Caribbean, the east coast of the United States and other areas, where it is an invasive species. Its spreading is a serious problem for local reef life.1

分布在

Native to the Indo-Pacific; invasive in the Caribbean, the US East Coast, the East Mediterranean and Brazil (Fernando de Noronha)1

印度洋, 太平洋, 紅海, 珊瑚海, 菲律賓海, 南海, 安達曼海, 阿拉伯海與波斯灣, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

首頁

It is a coral reef fish. The red lionfish was likely first introduced off the Florida coast in the early to mid-1980s, almost certainly from the aquarium trade.1

長度

47 cm (1,5 ft)1

最高速度

大約 6,3 km/h（3,9 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats crustaceans such as shrimps and crabs, other invertebrates and small fish, including young lionfish. It corners prey with its large fins, then swallows the prey whole, mostly hunting from late afternoon to dawn.1

Red lionfish 的照片 — Red lionfish。照片：Jens Petersen。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

White stripes alternate with red, maroon or brown stripes.1
Large venomous spines run along the back (dorsal) fin, with more on the pelvic and anal fins.1
Long, non-venomous fins create a mane-like outline.1
Adults can grow up to 47 cm long.1

常被誤認為： Pterois miles is a similar relative, and both species are invasive in the same areas.1

毒液力量

有毒液的棘刺

尖銳的棘刺帶著毒液。踩到或抓到牠都會很痛。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venomous spines are used purely for defence. A sting can cause extreme pain, and possibly headaches, vomiting and breathing difficulties.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重如果被牠的棘刺刺到，要去看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

Its sting is usually not fatal to humans. Some people are more sensitive to the venom than others, so the effects can be more serious for them.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When threatened, it turns its venomous dorsal spines towards the attacker, even if it has to swim upside down.1

如果牠的棘刺刺到你

A common treatment is soaking the affected area in hot water, as very few hospitals carry specific treatments. Immediate emergency medical attention is strongly recommended, because some people react more strongly than others.1
把傷口泡在熱水裡，水溫要在傷者能忍受、又不會燙傷的範圍內（先用你自己的手試水溫），泡 30 到 90 分鐘。要就醫，特別是被石頭魚和魟魚刺傷時。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠的棘刺刺到：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲太平洋印度洋紅海珊瑚海南海菲律賓海安達曼海阿拉伯海與波斯灣帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2,5 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長跟 15 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 29 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Red lionfish 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在游泳的人 大約 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

Red lionfish 大約 6,3 km/h (3,9 mph)

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

About 93% of the invasive lionfish population is the red lionfish.1

It strikes at prey that comes within 9 cm of its mouth, drawing the prey in with a sudden rush of water.1

Lionfish reproduce monthly, which helps their numbers grow quickly in new areas.1

Lionfish larvae hatch 36 hours after fertilisation.1

The larval stage is the shortest part of its life, lasting about one month.1

給毒液專家

學名: Pterois volitans
類群: 有毒液的魚
家人: Scorpaenidae2
排序: Perciformes
各大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 紅海, 珊瑚海, 菲律賓海, 南海, 安達曼海, 阿拉伯海與波斯灣, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海, 海洋
寶寶: After courtship, the female releases two egg masses, and one mating session can produce up to 30,000 eggs.1
壽命: 大約 10 年1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3