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False water cobra 的卡通圖
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False water cobra

Hydrodynastes gigas
名字的由來： It is called a false cobra because it hoods like a true cobra but does not rear up. The Guarani name ñakanina means 'alert head'.1
只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。
後毒牙蛇 咬吃：肉
對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The false water cobra is a large snake that lives in South America. It is named after true cobras because it flattens its neck to look bigger when threatened, but it is not a true cobra. It is mildly venomous, and its bites rarely cause serious harm to people.1

分布在
Eastern Bolivia to southern Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina, in South America1
南美洲
首頁
It prefers wet or humid places such as marshlands and tropical rainforests, though it has also been seen in drier areas. It is a very active snake that spends much of the day climbing, burrowing and swimming.1
長度
3 m (9,8 ft)1
體重
4,5 kg (9,9 lb)1
最高速度
大約 6,7 km/h（4,2 mph）
在陸地上, 粗略估計
牠吃什麼？
In the wild it mainly eats fish and amphibians, and also takes small mammals, birds and reptiles. In captivity it can be trained to eat other foods.1
是真的！False water cobra 的照片
False water cobra。照片：Bernard DUPONT。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

  • Background colour is olive green or brown, with dark spots and bands over much of the body.1
  • Bands and colour grow darker towards the tail.1
  • Large eyes with round pupils. The tongue is black.1
  • Belly is yellow or brown with dark flecks, which form three dotted lines. Males tend to be yellow underneath and females brown.1
  • Hatchlings and juveniles are much darker and lack the dark eyes of adults.1

常被誤認為： Its pattern and colouring look somewhat like those of true water cobras (Boulengerina). The easiest difference to see is the hood: when threatened, the false water cobra stays horizontal, while a true cobra rears up.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

This snake has enlarged rear teeth that are not grooved, and they are linked to a gland that produces oral secretions with proteolytic activity, meaning they break down proteins. In the few serious cases, symptoms included severe swelling, bruising, numbness, itching and dizziness. Most bites cause only mild pain and minor swelling.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Many bites have been recorded, but only four cases of significant reaction in humans are reported for this species. It is considered mildly venomous.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When threatened, it flattens its neck like a cobra, and can flatten lower parts of its body too, to look larger and more intimidating.1

如果牠咬人

  • 清洗咬傷處，讓傷者保持冷靜，並且就醫。有些種類（例如非洲樹蛇）可能在幾個小時後才致命。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。 急救基本知識

注意安全

  • 絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
  • 給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
  • 如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。 更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

False water cobra 大約 3 m 長 (9,8 ft)大人的腳踏車 大約 1,8 m (5,9 ft)一台汽車 大約 4,5 m (15 ft)

牠有多重？

跟 1 隻家貓一樣重
跟 3 隻狗從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 17 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長大約跟一隻家貓一樣重可以在 54 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

False water cobra 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

值得知道

小知識

1

Captive-bred individuals can become quite tame and trusting, and many show a high level of intelligence.1

2

Temperaments vary a lot: some individuals are docile, while others are defensive or even aggressive.1

3

Males are much smaller than females, a difference called sexual dimorphism.1

4

It is mainly active during the day, which gives it good daytime vision thanks to its large eyes.1

破解迷思

迷思： It is a true cobra.

真相： It is not a true cobra. It hoods in a similar way, but stays horizontal instead of rearing up.1

給毒液專家

學名
Hydrodynastes gigas
類群
後毒牙蛇
家人
Colubridae2
排序
Squamata
各大洲
南美洲
對人的危險
2 / 5: 疼痛3

知識的出處

  1. Hydrodynastes gigas (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Hydrodynastes gigas (iNaturalist): 名稱和分類。
  3. Venom Wiki: 危險等級、一般大小和速度估計都是我們自己定的。看看我們是怎麼算出來的： 我們怎麼評估危險.

這一頁的每個知識都有一個數字，指向它的出處。如果我們寫錯了，對不起，我們是動物迷，不是科學期刊。寫信到 [email protected] 告訴我們，我們會修正。

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同一類群的其他動物: 後毒牙蛇

Baron's green racer後毒牙蛇只是會痛Brown vine snake後毒牙蛇無害Green vine snake後毒牙蛇無害Lichtenstein's green racer後毒牙蛇需要看醫生Peruvian slender snake後毒牙蛇需要看醫生Chilean green racer後毒牙蛇只是會痛

也分布在: 南美洲

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