第 1318 號，共 1 402 號

Granular poison frog

Oophaga granulifera

只是會痛不要碰會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

皮膚裡有毒有毒（碰或吃會中毒），不是有毒液

The granular poison frog is a small, bright frog that lives on the forest floor in Costa Rica and Panama. Its colours warn predators that it has poison in its skin, and it uses that poison only to defend itself. It is listed as Vulnerable because its forest home is shrinking.1

有毒還是有毒液？有毒液的動物會用咬或螫把毒液注入身體。有毒的動物則是碰到或吃下去會有害。這種動物是有毒的（碰或吃會中毒）。

分布在

Southwestern Costa Rica, adjacent south-western Panama, and Piedras Blancas National Park in south-eastern Costa Rica1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in the leaf litter on the floor of humid, low-altitude tropical forests, at heights of up to 100 m above sea level. Females carry their tadpoles to small pools of water, such as tree hollows, leaf axils and bromeliads, one or two metres off the ground.1

長度

2 cm (0,8 in)1

最高速度

大約 3,4 km/h（2,1 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

Granular poison frog 的照片 — Granular poison frog。照片：cello caruso-turiello。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Small frog, growing to about 2 cm, with slender limbs1
Finely granulated (grainy) skin1
Typically bright orange on the head, body and upper arms1
Bluish-green underparts, legs and lower arms1
Near Quepos, Costa Rica, some frogs are olive green instead of orange1

毒素力量

皮膚裡有毒

牠的皮膚有毒。碰、舔或吃牠都很危險。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

牠害怕時會做什麼？

Its bright colours act as a warning signal to predators, and it relies on its poison for self-defence.1

如果有人碰了或吃了牠

如果有人碰了牠：把手徹底洗乾淨，不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果小孩或寵物舔了或吃了牠：打給毒物諮詢中心或打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果你碰了或吃了牠：不要揉眼睛或摸嘴巴，把手洗乾淨，並且就醫。

牠不是想來抓你。牠的毒只是為了不讓別的動物吃掉牠。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長可以在 110 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Granular poison frog 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Granular poison frog 大約 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

After the eggs hatch, the female keeps feeding her tadpoles by laying unfertilised eggs in the water pools where they live.1

The water-filled spaces where the tadpoles grow hold, on average, only about 2.4 ml of water.1

Its warning signals are more sound-based than visual, meaning the calls matter more than the colours in some situations.1

Males spend most of their time and energy defending their calling site, and a rival that comes too close can start a fight.1

Some frogs near Quepos, Costa Rica, have olive green skin instead of the usual orange.1

給毒液專家

學名: Oophaga granulifera
類群: 箭毒蛙、蟾蜍和蠑螈
家人: Dendrobatidae2
排序: Anura
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: The female lays groups of three or four eggs in curled dead leaves, under stones, in twig forks or in leaf axils just above the ground, and the male guards and moistens them.1
牠在野外的狀況: Vulnerable1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3