第 1315 號，共 1 402 號

Strawberry poison-dart frog

Oophaga pumilio

只是會痛不要碰會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

皮膚裡有毒吃：昆蟲有毒（碰或吃會中毒），不是有毒液

The strawberry poison frog is a small, brightly coloured frog that lives in Central America, from eastern central Nicaragua through Costa Rica to northwestern Panama. Its skin contains toxins it gets from the mites and ants it eats, so it is poisonous to touch or eat. It is famous for having 15 to 30 different colour patterns.1

有毒還是有毒液？有毒液的動物會用咬或螫把毒液注入身體。有毒的動物則是碰到或吃下去會有害。這種動物是有毒的（碰或吃會中毒）。

分布在

Eastern central Nicaragua, Costa Rica and northwestern Panama, in Central America1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in humid lowland and premontane forest, and it is often found in leaf litter on the forest floor. Large populations also live in disturbed areas such as plantations.1

長度

1,8 cm 到 2,2 cm (0,7 in 到 0,9 in)1

最高速度

大約 3,4 km/h（2,1 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats small mites and ants. The toxins in these prey are stored in the frog's skin, which makes the frog poisonous.1

Strawberry poison-dart frog 的照片 — Strawberry poison-dart frog。照片：Jackcsmall。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Brightly coloured, with a striking pattern1
Has around 15 to 30 colour variations, which differ between populations1
Small, at about 1.75 to 2.2 cm in standard length1
Active during the day and mostly on the ground1

毒素力量

皮膚裡有毒

牠的皮膚有毒。碰、舔或吃牠都很危險。

牠的毒素有什麼作用？

The frog has no venom and does not inject anything. Its skin holds alkaloid toxins, mainly pumiliotoxin 251D, which affects the heart and disrupts the sodium and potassium channels in cells. Predators that eat the frog can suffer convulsions, paralysis and death.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Its toxins are harmful to animals that eat it, causing convulsions, paralysis and death.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

Its bright warning colours signal that it is toxic to predators.1

如果有人碰了或吃了牠

如果有人碰了牠：把手徹底洗乾淨，不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果小孩或寵物舔了或吃了牠：打給毒物諮詢中心或打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果你碰了或吃了牠：不要揉眼睛或摸嘴巴，把手洗乾淨，並且就醫。

牠不是想來抓你。牠的毒只是為了不讓別的動物吃掉牠。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長可以在 110 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Strawberry poison-dart frog 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Strawberry poison-dart frog 大約 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Mothers feed their tadpoles unfertilised eggs, and the tadpoles need this diet to take in the toxins that protect them.1

Adult females carry about 53% more alkaloid toxins than adult males.1

Although it is the most toxic member of its genus, it is not the most poisonous of all poison dart frogs.1

Populations separated for more than 10,000 years can develop very different colour patterns.1

Only 5 to 12% of each clutch of eggs develops into tadpoles, which is why mothers invest so heavily in them.1

破解迷思

迷思： It is the most poisonous of all poison dart frogs.

真相： It is the most toxic member of its genus, Oophaga, but it is not the most poisonous of the dendrobatids.1

給毒液專家

學名: Oophaga pumilio
類群: 箭毒蛙、蟾蜍和蠑螈
家人: Dendrobatidae2
排序: Anura
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: The female lays three to five eggs on a leaf or in a bromeliad. The male keeps the eggs moist, and the female carries the hatched tadpoles one at a time to small pools of water, then feeds each one unfertilised eggs.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3