第 1347 號，共 1 402 號

Panamanian golden frog

Atelopus zeteki

需要看醫生不要碰很少致命，但如果有人碰了或吃了牠，要去看醫生。

皮膚裡有毒有毒（碰或吃會中毒），不是有毒液

The Panamanian golden frog is a bright yellow-gold toad that lives only in Panama. It sits on the mountain streams and cloud forests of the west-central part of the country. It is a national symbol, and it is also one of the most endangered amphibians in the world.1

有毒還是有毒液？有毒液的動物會用咬或螫把毒液注入身體。有毒的動物則是碰到或吃下去會有害。這種動物是有毒的（碰或吃會中毒）。

分布在

Endemic to Panama, near mountain streams in Coclé and Panamá provinces1

北美洲

首頁

It lives close to mountain streams in cloud forests. Adult males stay near the streams where breeding happens, while females move into the forest outside the breeding season. Adult males perch in trees at night.1

長度

3,5 cm 到 6,3 cm (1,4 in 到 2,5 in)1

體重

3 g 到 15 g (0,1 oz 到 0,5 oz)1

最高速度

大約 4 km/h（2,5 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Tadpoles feed on algae. The diet of adults is not covered here.1

Panamanian golden frog 的照片 — Panamanian golden frog。照片：Brian Gratwicke。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Skin colour ranges from light yellow-green to bright gold.1
Some individuals have black spots on their backs and legs.1
Females are larger than males, at 45 to 63 mm long, while males are 35 to 48 mm.1
Adults wave and lift a foot at predators, showing their bright colours.1

毒素力量

皮膚裡有毒

牠的皮膚有毒。碰、舔或吃牠都很危險。

牠的毒素有什麼作用？

It is poisonous rather than venomous, because its toxins work on contact with the skin and are not injected. The toxin is water-soluble and affects the nerve cells of anyone who touches it. Large doses can be fatal within 20 to 30 minutes, after convulsions that stop breathing and blood circulation.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重如果有人碰了或吃了牠，要去看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

Its toxin affects the nerve cells of anyone who comes into contact with it, and large doses can be fatal. Because it is critically endangered, the frog should be left alone in the wild.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When a predator approaches, it waves and lifts its foot to show its bright colours, which warn of its toxicity. If the predator keeps coming, the waving and calls increase in speed and volume.1

如果有人碰了或吃了牠

如果有人碰了牠：把手徹底洗乾淨，不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果小孩或寵物舔了或吃了牠：打給毒物諮詢中心或打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果你碰了或吃了牠：不要揉眼睛或摸嘴巴，把手洗乾淨，並且就醫。

牠不是想來抓你。牠的毒只是為了不讓別的動物吃掉牠。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多重？

跟 15 根迴紋針一樣重

跟 2 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長輕到放在手上你也感覺不到可以在 90 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Panamanian golden frog 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Panamanian golden frog 大約 4 km/h (2,5 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It is able to communicate by waving its feet, a bit like semaphore, as well as by sound.1

It is an 'earless' frog with no eardrums, yet it can still hear sounds and work out where they come from.1

Its toxins are powerful enough that some predators avoid it, though a few snakes can cope with its poison.1

Tadpoles have black and gold colouring, which helps protect them from the sun.1

It was filmed in the wild for the last time in 2006 for the BBC series Life in Cold Blood.1

破解迷思

迷思： It is a frog.

真相： Despite its common name, it is a true toad, a member of the family Bufonidae.1

給毒液專家

學名: Atelopus zeteki
類群: 箭毒蛙、蟾蜍和蠑螈
家人: Bufonidae2
排序: Anura
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: Eggs are laid in shallow streams and hatch after 2 to 10 days. The tadpoles then take 6 to 7 months to grow.1
壽命: 大約 12 年1
牠在野外的狀況: Critically Endangered (IUCN). It may have been extinct in the wild since 2007.1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3