第 1312 號，共 1 402 號

Green and black poison dart frog

Dendrobates auratus

只是會痛不要碰會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

皮膚裡有毒吃：昆蟲有毒（碰或吃會中毒），不是有毒液

The green-and-black poison dart frog is a small, brightly coloured frog from the forests of southern Central America and north-western Colombia. It is poisonous, not venomous: it gets its toxins from the tiny insects it eats. It is also one of the most variable poison frogs in colour and pattern.1

有毒還是有毒液？有毒液的動物會用咬或螫把毒液注入身體。有毒的動物則是碰到或吃下去會有害。這種動物是有毒的（碰或吃會中毒）。

分布在

Southern Central America and far north-western Colombia; also introduced to Oahu and Maui, Hawaii1

北美洲, 南美洲

首頁

It lives in humid lowland and submontane forests, from sea level up to 1,000 m. It spends much of its time in trees and in the small pools of water held in bromeliad plants, returning to the ground when it needs to travel.1

長度

1,9 cm 到 2,5 cm (0,7 in 到 1 in)1

最高速度

大約 3,7 km/h（2,3 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats arthropods, mainly ants and mites. It stores alkaloid poisons from these prey in its skin.1

Green and black poison dart frog 的照片 — Green and black poison dart frog。照片：Matt Felperin。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Usually a mint-green background with a spotted or banded pattern1
Dark or dull splotches, most often blackish, that can look like large spots, blotches or a splashed pattern1
Colour varies a lot: some are darker green, lime, emerald, turquoise, blue, whitish or pale yellow, and some have no green or no black1
Some variants are entirely black, or dark with only a few small green spots or streaks1
Small adults: males about 1.9 cm, females about 2.5 cm or longer1

毒素力量

皮膚裡有毒

牠的皮膚有毒。碰、舔或吃牠都很危險。

牠的毒素有什麼作用？

Its skin holds alkaloid poisons, which are not venom injected by a bite. These poisons interfere with the ion channels and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that nerves and muscles rely on. In extreme cases, this can cause numbness, loss of muscle control, convulsions, cardiac arrest and death.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Its poisons can cause serious effects, including death, in cases of extreme poisoning.1

如果有人碰了或吃了牠

如果有人碰了牠：把手徹底洗乾淨，不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果小孩或寵物舔了或吃了牠：打給毒物諮詢中心或打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果你碰了或吃了牠：不要揉眼睛或摸嘴巴，把手洗乾淨，並且就醫。

牠不是想來抓你。牠的毒只是為了不讓別的動物吃掉牠。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長可以在 97 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Green and black poison dart frog 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Green and black poison dart frog 大約 3,7 km/h (2,3 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Hundreds of different alkaloid poisons have been identified in this frog.1

Parents carry tadpoles into the treetops and place them in bromeliad pools, where the tadpoles sometimes eat each other because food is scarce.1

Unlike other poison frogs, it gathers in large groups before mating, and males fight over small patches of ground.1

It was intentionally introduced to Oahu, Hawaii, in 1932 to help control mosquitoes.1

Its toe pads have small sucker-like discs that give it a mildly sticky grip when climbing.1

破解迷思

迷思： Poison dart frogs are poisonous in every case, because of their own nature.

真相： They are not poisonous by nature. They become poisonous from the alkaloids in their diet of ants and mites. Captive frogs fed on crickets and fruit flies are non-toxic.1

給毒液專家

學名: Dendrobates auratus
類群: 箭毒蛙、蟾蜍和蠑螈
家人: Dendrobatidae2
排序: Anura
各大洲: 北美洲, 南美洲
寶寶: The female lays eggs at a site chosen by the male, and he fertilises them. The eggs hatch into tadpoles in about 14 days, and the parent, typically the male, carries them up into the canopy.1
牠在野外的狀況: Least Concern (IUCN)1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3