第 1307 號，共 1 402 號

Black-legged poison frog

Phyllobates bicolor

名字的由來： It is named for its dark legs. The legs are black or dark blue, while the body is yellow or orange.1

可能致命不要碰不治療的話可能致命。如果有人碰了或吃了牠，要趕快求救。

箭毒蛙、蟾蜍和蠑螈

皮膚裡有毒吃：肉有毒（碰或吃會中毒），不是有毒液

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

The black-legged poison frog is a small, brightly coloured frog from the rainforests of Colombia. It is one of the most toxic dart frogs in the world, and its skin can kill a person. It is also an endangered species, so it matters for conservation.1

有毒還是有毒液？有毒液的動物會用咬或螫把毒液注入身體。有毒的動物則是碰到或吃下去會有害。這種動物是有毒的（碰或吃會中毒）。

分布在

Tropical forests of the Chocó region of Colombia1

南美洲

首頁

It lives on the damp floor of the rainforest, near streams and puddles. By day it sits around rocks, moss, fallen sticks and branches. At night it gathers in leaf litter.1

長度

4,5 cm 到 5,5 cm (1,8 in 到 2,2 in)1

最高速度

大約 3,8 km/h（2,4 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It forages on the forest floor for ants, beetles, termites and other small forest animals. It finds food by moving around in quick hops.1

Black-legged poison frog 的照片 — Black-legged poison frog。照片：Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez (Lmbuga) Copyright: GFDL (GNU Free Documentation License) Publicada por/Publish by: Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez。 CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

The body is earthy orange to pure yellow.1
The forelimbs and hindlegs are black or dark blue.1
It is one of the largest poison dart frogs, but it is smaller and more slender than the golden poison frog.1
Juveniles are brown or black and become more vibrant as they mature.1
It is active in the daytime and moves across the forest floor in quick hops.1

常被誤認為： It is often mistaken for the golden poison frog (Phyllobates terribilis), which looks similar. The black-legged poison frog is smaller, more slender and less poisonous. Juvenile golden poison frogs can also look like it. It also resembles the 'netted' colour form of D. leucomelas.1

毒素力量

皮膚裡有毒

牠的皮膚有毒。碰、舔或吃牠都很危險。

牠的毒素有什麼作用？

This frog is poisonous rather than venomous, because its toxin comes out through its skin. The toxin is batrachotoxin, a neurotoxin that attacks the nerves. It stops nerve signals from getting through, which causes paralysis, heart failure and breathing failure. There are no known treatments or antidotes for it.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

It is one of the few frogs confirmed to have killed humans. Between 2 and 200 micrograms of its toxin is enough to kill a person. Its toxin is weaker than that of the golden poison frog.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

Its bright colours warn predators that it is poisonous, and its skin releases toxins through pores.1

如果有人碰了或吃了牠

如果有人碰了牠：把手徹底洗乾淨，不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果小孩或寵物舔了或吃了牠：打給毒物諮詢中心或打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果你碰了或吃了牠：不要揉眼睛或摸嘴巴，把手洗乾淨，並且就醫。

牠不是想來抓你。牠的毒只是為了不讓別的動物吃掉牠。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短可以在 95 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Black-legged poison frog 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Black-legged poison frog 大約 3,8 km/h (2,4 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Some Chocó people in Colombia use the poison from these frogs to tip hunting darts for blowguns.1

The male carries the tadpoles on his back. Some of the toxin rubs off onto them, so a predator that eats one would be poisoned.1

The frog cannot make its own toxin. It gets the chemicals it needs from its diet and its surroundings.1

Unlike most frogs, which are active at night, this frog is active during the daytime. Its bright colours are easier to see then, which helps warn predators.1

The male's high-pitched trill attracts females. Brighter males are more attractive, and their colour can help them win mates.1

破解迷思

迷思： That it is the most toxic dart frog in the world.

真相： It is the second most toxic dart frog. The golden poison frog is more toxic.1

給毒液專家

學名: Phyllobates bicolor
類群: 箭毒蛙、蟾蜍和蠑螈
家人: Dendrobatidae2
排序: Anura
各大洲: 南美洲
寶寶: The eggs are fertilised outside the body, and a parent protects them until they hatch. The male then carries the tadpoles on his back to water.1
牠在野外的狀況: Endangered1
對人的危險: 4 / 5: 非常危險3