第 0043 號，共 1 402 號

Many-banded krait

Bungarus multicinctus

名字的由來： "Krait" comes from the Hindi word karait, which may trace back to a Sanskrit word meaning "black". The scientific name multicinctus is Latin for "encircled with many bands".1

致命地球上最致命的動物之一。如果牠咬了你，要立刻求救。快速救援和抗毒血清能救活大多數人。立刻打緊急電話。

眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 致命世界上最危險的動物之一。

The many-banded krait is an extremely venomous snake found in central and southern China and much of Southeast Asia. It is black or bluish-black with many white bands across its body. It matters because its bite can be fatal, and it is one of the most venomous land snakes in the world.1

分布在

Central and southern China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Myanmar, Laos and northern Vietnam. Possibly Thailand too.1

亞洲

首頁

It mostly lives in marshy, humid lowland areas, often near rivers, streams, rice paddies and ditches. It can also be found in shrublands, woodlands, farmland, mangroves, villages and suburban areas, and it sometimes reaches elevations of about 1,500 m.1

長度

1 m 到 1,9 m (3,3 ft 到 6,1 ft)1

最高速度

大約 7,3 km/h（4,5 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It mainly feeds on fish, and also eats other snakes, including its own species. It also eats rodents, eels, frogs and occasionally lizards. Unlike other kraits, it is not mainly a snake-eater.1

Many-banded krait 的照片 — Many-banded krait。照片：Yung-Lun Lin。 CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

The body is black to dark bluish-black.1
It has about 21 to 30 white or creamy white cross bands along its upper body.1
The short, pointed tail is black with 7 to 11 white cross bands.1
The head is mostly black, broad and oval, and slightly flat.1
Young snakes often have whitish blotches on the underside of the head.1

常被誤認為： The Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus) is easily confused with this species. A 2017 genetic study found that many museum specimens labelled as many-banded kraits in China were actually Malayan kraits.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves and the connections between nerves and muscles. Local effects are usually mild, with slight itching and numbness rather than serious swelling or pain. Symptoms usually start one to six hours after a bite and can include drooping eyelids, double vision, weakness, tongue paralysis, loss of voice and difficulty breathing.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 致命世界上最危險的動物之一。

Estimated death rates from untreated bites vary between studies, from 25–35% to 70–100%. In a serious bite, breathing can stop and lead to death. In 2001, a juvenile bit the herpetologist Joe Slowinski in Myanmar and he died 29 hours later.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

It is generally timid and placid, but it is more defensive at night and thrashes about when handled.1

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院：抗毒血清就是治療方法。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 4 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 10 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 49 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Many-banded krait 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

Many-banded krait 大約 7,3 km/h (4,5 mph)

騎腳踏車的小朋友 大約 12 km/h (7,5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Its venom is among the most potent of any land snake, based on lab tests on mice dating back to 1943.1

In 2001, a juvenile bite in Myanmar killed Joe Slowinski, which drew worldwide attention to the species.1

The snake that bit Slowinski was first thought to be this species, but it was later classified as a different species.1

It is active from April and retreats into hibernation in November.1

破解迷思

迷思： American soldiers in the Vietnam War called it the "two-step snake", believing its venom could kill a person within two steps.

真相： Its symptoms usually start one to six hours after a bite, and death can take much longer. The two-step belief is wrong, and a bite still needs urgent medical care.1

給毒液專家

學名: Bungarus multicinctus
類群: 眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 亞洲
寶寶: It lays eggs. Females usually lay 3 to 15 eggs, and up to 20 are possible. The eggs hatch about six weeks later, and the young are about 25 cm long.1
壽命: 大約 13,7 年1
對人的危險: 5 / 5: 致命3