第 1216 號，共 1 402 號

Marbled spinefoot

Siganus rivulatus

名字的由來： The genus name Siganus comes from the Arabic sijan, meaning rabbitfish. The species name rivulatus means irregularly marked with colour, for the yellow streaks on its sides.1

只是會痛不要碰會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

有毒液的魚

有毒液的棘刺吃：植物

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The marbled spinefoot is a shoaling fish that mostly eats algae. It lives in shallow warm seas in the Red Sea and western Indian Ocean, and it has spread into the Mediterranean. Its spines carry venom, so it is one to leave alone.1

分布在

Western Indian Ocean and Red Sea; now very common across the eastern Mediterranean1

印度洋, 紅海, 地中海, 阿拉伯海與波斯灣

首頁

Shallow water, usually less than 15 m deep, over rock, sand or sea grass covered in algae. It prefers sheltered areas and sometimes enters estuaries. It lives in schools of 50 to several hundred fish.1

長度

10 cm 到 40 cm (3,9 in 到 1,3 ft)1

最高速度

大約 5,2 km/h（3,2 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Adults mainly graze on algae, including Polysiphonia and Sphacelaria species. In spring and early summer in the northern Red Sea they have also been seen eating comb jellies and moon jellyfish. Young fish feed on tiny diatoms and then on small crustaceans called copepods.1

Marbled spinefoot 的照片 — Marbled spinefoot。照片：Diego Delso。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Grey-green to brown upper body1
Yellow or silvery white underside1
Dark spots and yellow wavy lines along the sides1
Flattened body, with barbed, venomous spines in the fins1
Usually 10 to 20 cm long1

毒液力量

有毒液的棘刺

尖銳的棘刺帶著毒液。踩到或抓到牠都會很痛。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The spines in the fins have venom glands at their base. The venom is a protein that is damaged by heat. The sting is very painful.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The spines can inflict a painful sting if the fish is handled incorrectly. No deaths from its venom have been recorded. Separately, poisoning has been recorded in Israel after people ate its flesh, linked to fish caught in polluted water.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

Its spines are barbed and venomous, and they can injure anyone who handles the fish carelessly.1

如果牠的棘刺刺到你

The affected area should be treated with as high a temperature as possible, within 43 to 46 °C, because heat damages the venom. The person should also be checked for possible infection.1
把傷口泡在熱水裡，水溫要在傷者能忍受、又不會燙傷的範圍內（先用你自己的手試水溫），泡 30 到 90 分鐘。要就醫，特別是被石頭魚和魟魚刺傷時。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠的棘刺刺到：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲印度洋地中海紅海阿拉伯海與波斯灣

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長跟 12 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 35 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Marbled spinefoot 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在游泳的人 大約 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

Marbled spinefoot 大約 5,2 km/h (3,2 mph)

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Some people have reported hallucinations after eating it.1

Eating its flesh has caused poisoning, and the toxins involved are similar to ciguatoxin.1

Its spines carry venom from glands at their base, so the fish can sting when it is handled.1

Adults can eat jellyfish, including comb jellies and moon jellyfish, in parts of the northern Red Sea.1

It reached the Mediterranean through the Suez Canal, first recorded off Palestine in 1927.1

It can be bred in captivity and is being studied as a farmed fish because it eats plant-based feed.1

給毒液專家

學名: Siganus rivulatus
類群: 有毒液的魚
家人: Siganidae2
排序: Acanthuriformes
各大洲: 印度洋, 紅海, 地中海, 阿拉伯海與波斯灣, 海洋
寶寶: The fish lays eggs, which are fertilised outside the body. The eggs are 0.5 to 0.6 mm across, and the adults give them no care.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3