第 1356 號，共 1 402 號

Red-bellied newt

Taricha rivularis

需要看醫生不要碰很少致命，但如果有人碰了或吃了牠，要去看醫生。

皮膚裡有毒有毒（碰或吃會中毒），不是有毒液

The red-bellied newt is a small amphibian with a brownish-black back and a bright red belly. It lives in coastal woodlands in northern California, mostly on land. Its skin is poisonous, so it is important to leave it alone.1

有毒還是有毒液？有毒液的動物會用咬或螫把毒液注入身體。有毒的動物則是碰到或吃下去會有害。這種動物是有毒的（碰或吃會中毒）。

分布在

Northern California, USA, along the coast and in coastal woodlands, including the Santa Cruz Mountains1

北美洲

首頁

Coastal woodlands, especially redwood forests. Adults live underground for most of the year and return to streams to breed. Breeding happens in fast-flowing streams or rocky rivers.1

長度

7 cm 到 19 cm (2,8 in 到 7,5 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,5 km/h（0,31 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

Red-bellied newt 的照片 — Red-bellied newt。照片：Ghegenbart。 CC BY-SA 2.5, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Brownish-black upper body with grainy skin1
Tomato-red underbelly1
Length of about 7 to 9 cm from nose to vent, and 14 to 19 cm including the tail1
Males often have a dark, broad patch across the vent; females do not1
Breeding males have smooth skin and a flattened tail1

常被誤認為： Other coastal newts are similar in shape. The red-bellied newt can be told apart by its red belly and by the lack of yellow in its eyes.1

毒素力量

皮膚裡有毒

牠的皮膚有毒。碰、舔或吃牠都很危險。

牠的毒素有什麼作用？

The red-bellied newt is poisonous rather than venomous, so it does not bite or sting. Its skin, eggs and embryos contain tetrodotoxin, a neurotoxin, which is a poison that attacks the nerves. There is enough of it to potentially kill an adult human.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重如果有人碰了或吃了牠，要去看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

The newt's skin is poisonous to touch and to eat. Its toxin is strong enough to potentially kill an adult human. It is also nearly inedible, and few animals eat it.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When disturbed, it pulls its head and tail back to show its bright-red underside, which warns predators that it is poisonous.1

如果有人碰了或吃了牠

如果有人碰了牠：把手徹底洗乾淨，不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果小孩或寵物舔了或吃了牠：打給毒物諮詢中心或打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果你碰了或吃了牠：不要揉眼睛或摸嘴巴，把手洗乾淨，並且就醫。

牠不是想來抓你。牠的毒只是為了不讓別的動物吃掉牠。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 6 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長

Red-bellied newt 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Red-bellied newt 大約 0,5 km/h (0,31 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Like other newts, they can regrow several body parts, including their limbs, eyes, hearts, intestines, jaws and damaged spinal cords.1

They can find their way back to the same spot in a stream over several miles of rugged terrain, probably by using their sense of smell.1

Red-bellied newts can live for 20 to 30 years.1

Adults leave the water and live underground until they are ready to breed, which usually happens after four to six years.1

Females do not breed every year, unlike the males.1

給毒液專家

學名: Taricha rivularis
類群: 箭毒蛙、蟾蜍和蠑螈
家人: Salamandridae2
排序: Caudata
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: Newts start life as aquatic larvae, similar to tadpoles, with external gills. Females lay their eggs in about 12 clusters, with six to 16 eggs in each cluster.1
壽命: 大約 30 年1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3