第 1348 號，共 1 402 號

Variable harlequin toad

Atelopus varius

只是會痛不要碰會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

皮膚裡有毒吃：昆蟲有毒（碰或吃會中毒），不是有毒液

The variable harlequin toad is a small, brightly coloured toad from the forests of Central America. It lives on rocks and in crevices beside streams. It is critically endangered, which means it is at very high risk of disappearing from the wild.1

有毒還是有毒液？有毒液的動物會用咬或螫把毒液注入身體。有毒的動物則是碰到或吃下去會有害。這種動物是有毒的（碰或吃會中毒）。

分布在

Costa Rica and western Panama, now only in small remnant populations1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in humid lowland and montane forests, usually on rocks or in crevices along streams. It is mainly land-based and enters the water only during the breeding season, getting moisture from stream spray.1

長度

4 cm (1,6 in)3

一般成體大小

最高速度

大約 2 km/h（1,2 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats small arthropods, which are most abundant during the dry season.1

Variable harlequin toad 的照片 — Variable harlequin toad。照片：Brian Gratwicke。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

A small toad with conspicuous, bright colouring1
Active during the day (diurnal)1
Usually found on rocks or in crevices beside streams in humid forest1
Moves slowly and often stays in the same area for long periods1

毒素力量

皮膚裡有毒

牠的皮膚有毒。碰、舔或吃牠都很危險。

牠的毒素有什麼作用？

This animal is poisonous rather than venomous, so it does not bite or sting. Its skin contains tetrodotoxin, a potent neurotoxin (a poison that attacks the nerves).1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

牠害怕時會做什麼？

Its bright, conspicuous colours warn predators that its skin is toxic.1

如果有人碰了或吃了牠

如果有人碰了牠：把手徹底洗乾淨，不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果小孩或寵物舔了或吃了牠：打給毒物諮詢中心或打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果你碰了或吃了牠：不要揉眼睛或摸嘴巴，把手洗乾淨，並且就醫。

牠不是想來抓你。牠的毒只是為了不讓別的動物吃掉牠。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長可以在 180 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Variable harlequin toad 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Variable harlequin toad 大約 2 km/h (1,2 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Its only known predator is a parasitic fly, Notochaeta bufonivora. The fly lays larvae on the frog's thigh, and the larvae burrow inside and eat the frog from within.1

A census between 1990 and 1992 near Monteverde, Costa Rica, found zero individuals where the population had once peaked at 751 adults.1

By 1996 it was believed to be extinct throughout Costa Rica, but a 2019 assessment found two subpopulations in the country.1

It was rediscovered near Quepos, Costa Rica, in 2003.1

The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis can spread between individuals through shed skin cells and harms the skin, which affects breathing and the balance of water and salts in the body.1

In March 2021 the species was bred in captivity outside Panama for the first time.1