第 1248 号，共 1 402 张

Cowtail stingray

Pastinachus sephen

需要看医生很少致命，但被蜇了要去看医生。

蜇伤吃：肉

The cowtail stingray is a large ray that lives in warm coastal seas and sometimes swims up rivers. Its most noticeable feature is a wide, flag-like fold of skin on its tail. It has a venomous spine on its tail, so it should be left alone.1

生活在

Indo-Pacific tropical waters, from South Africa and the Red Sea to Japan and Australia1

印度洋, 太平洋, 红海, 安达曼海, 珊瑚海, 南海, 阿拉伯海和波斯湾, 帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海, 孟加拉湾

首页

It is usually found on sandy bottoms in coastal waters and on coral reefs, down to 60 metres. It also enters estuaries and rivers, and is the stingray most often reported from fresh water in Southeast Asia.1

长度

3 m (9.8 ft)1

体重

250 kg (551 lb)1

最高速度

约 30 公里/小时（19 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

Cowtail stingrays forage alone for bony fishes, crustaceans, polychaete worms, sipunculids and molluscs.1

Cowtail stingray的照片 — Cowtail stingray。照片：Daniel Benák。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

A large, flag-like fold of skin on the underside of the tail, which is especially prominent when the ray swims1
Grey-brown to black on top and mostly white below1
Black tail fold and tail tip1
A thick, rounded pectoral disc with a blunt snout and very small, widely spaced eyes1
A single venomous spine set well back on the tail1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The serrated spine is potentially dangerous, and the cowtail stingray is regarded as particularly dangerous to handle.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When threatened, it flees at a 45° angle away from the predator, keeping the predator in view while covering distance.1

如果它蜇人

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋印度洋红海珊瑚海南海安达曼海阿拉伯海和波斯湾帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海孟加拉湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 12 只狗一样重

和 3 只狗鼻子接尾巴一样长和 17 根香蕉首尾相接一样长6 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Cowtail stingray和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

Cowtail stingray 约 30 公里/小时 (19 mph)

一只全速游的海豚 约 35 公里/小时 (22 mph)

值得了解

事实

A cowtail stingray was recorded in the Ganges River about 2,200 km (1,400 mi) from the sea.1

Resting groups of cowtail stingrays often form a rosette, with their tails pointing outward so they can see threats from every direction.1

Its large, regularly arranged skin bumps have made it a source of shagreen leather since ancient times.1

The cowtail stingray and reticulate whiprays often form mixed-species groups, probably because the whiprays detect predators well thanks to their long tails.1

Its tail fold and tail tip are black, and the tail carries sensors that act as a secondary warning system.1

Newborn cowtail stingrays have completely smooth skin, and their denticles develop quickly after birth.1

给毒液专家

学名: Pastinachus sephen
类别: 有毒的鱼
家人: Dasyatidae2
排序: Myliobatiformes
大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 红海, 安达曼海, 珊瑚海, 南海, 阿拉伯海和波斯湾, 帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海, 孟加拉湾, 海洋
宝宝: It gives birth to live young. Females giving birth produce young measuring 18 cm across or more.1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3