第 0449 号，共 1 402 张

Eastern copperhead

Agkistrodon contortrix

名字的由来： The generic name comes from Greek words meaning 'hook' and 'tooth'. The species name comes from the Latin for 'twisted', after the pinched, hourglass-shaped bands on its back.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

蝮蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The eastern copperhead is a venomous pit viper that lives across much of the eastern United States. It has hourglass-shaped bands on a tan or reddish-brown body, which help it hide in leaves and clay. It is common, so people sometimes meet it without realising, and it makes up half of the treated snake bites in the United States.1

生活在

Eastern United States, from Texas and Florida north to New York; also Chihuahua and Coahuila in Mexico1

北美洲

首页

It favours deciduous forest and mixed woodlands in most of its range, and often sits on rock outcroppings and ledges. It is also found in low-lying, swampy areas. Bites happen when people step on or near it, especially where it lies hidden in dead leaves or red clay.1

长度

50 cm到95 cm (1.6 ft到3.1 ft)1

体重

102 g到343 g (4 oz到12 oz)1

最高速度

约 3.5 公里/小时（2.2 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats a wide range of prey, including insects, spiders, lizards, frogs, mice and small birds. It is mainly an ambush predator that waits in a good position for prey to arrive, though it actively hunts insects. It uses facial pit organs to sense heat and make accurate strikes.1

Eastern copperhead的照片 — Eastern copperhead。照片：unknown。 Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Dark brown, hourglass-shaped crossbands on a light reddish-brown or brown background1
A heavy, stout body rather than a slender one1
A broad head that is distinct from the neck1
Young have green or yellow tail tips, which darken to brown or black within a year1
Adults are typically 50 to 95 cm long, including the tail1

常被误认为： The snout slopes down and back, so it looks less blunt than the snout of the cottonmouth. The head also extends further forward than the mouth.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

Copperhead bites account for half of the treated snake bites in the United States. Bites usually happen when people unknowingly step on or near the snake. It is generally nonaggressive and will strike only if threatened as a last resort.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It often freezes instead of fleeing, relying on its camouflage, and may vibrate its tail when closely approached.1

如果它咬人

让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 3 根香蕉一样重

和 2 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 5 根香蕉首尾相接一样长100 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Eastern copperhead和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Eastern copperhead 约 3.5 公里/小时 (2.2 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

Its tail can vibrate more than 40 times per second, faster than almost any non-rattlesnake snake.1

Juveniles wave a brightly coloured tail to attract frogs and perhaps lizards, a behaviour called caudal luring.1

Its camouflage is so good that it can be almost impossible to see on dead leaves or red clay.1

In Texas, copperheads have been found in bushes, vines and trees up to 12 metres above the ground, seeking newly emerged cicadas.1

Its venom has potential medicinal value to humans.1

Historically, kingsnakes were major predators of copperheads, and recent copperhead numbers have risen where kingsnake populations have declined.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Copperheads are aggressive snakes that chase people and go looking for trouble.

真相： They are generally nonaggressive. They usually freeze or flee, and they strike only if threatened as a last resort. Most bites happen when people step on or near them without noticing.1

给毒液专家

学名: Agkistrodon contortrix
类别: 蝮蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 北美洲
宝宝: Newborn copperheads are born with green or yellow tail tips, which darken to brown or black within one year.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least Concern (IUCN Red List, v3.1, 2001); population trend stable when assessed in 20071
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3