第 1345 号，共 1 402 张

European fire-bellied toad

Bombina bombina

无害对人无害。不用担心。

皮肤里有毒吃：昆虫碰了或吃了有毒，不注射毒液

The European fire-bellied toad is a medium-sized frog that lives in ponds and marshes across Central and Eastern Europe. It is famous for its bright red belly, which it shows off to warn predators that it is toxic. Its loud 'whoop' call is also distinctive.1

有毒还是有毒液？有毒液的动物通过咬或蜇注入毒液。有毒的动物是碰了或吃了会受害。这一种是碰了或吃了有害的。

生活在

Central and Eastern Europe, from eastern Germany to Russia's Volga District, south to Bulgaria and Turkey1

欧洲

首页

It prefers lowland areas such as ponds and marshes with little woody vegetation. In larger lakes it stays at the edges, in reed beds and floodplains, where the water is 50 to 70 centimetres deep.1

长度

5.6 cm (2.2 in)1

最高速度

约 2 公里/小时（1.2 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It feeds on many small invertebrates, especially springtails, beetles, flies and ants.1

European fire-bellied toad的照片 — European fire-bellied toad。照片：unknown。 CC0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Medium-sized frog, growing up to about 5.6 cm.1
Back colour can be grey, brown or green, and is covered in warts.1
Belly is red with thick black mottling.1
When threatened, it lifts its arms, sometimes flipping over, to show its red belly.1

常被误认为： The yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata) is closely related and the two can hybridise where they overlap. The yellow-bellied toad lives at higher elevations in ponds that dry up quickly, has longer legs and thicker skin, and cannot call as loudly.1

毒力

皮肤里有毒

它的皮肤有毒。摸、舔或吃都很危险。

它的毒会造成什么？

The skin of this toad contains bombinins, which have antibacterial and antifungal effects. Its red belly warns predators that its skin is toxic.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

它害怕时会做什么？

When threatened, it lifts its arms, sometimes flipping over, to expose its red belly and warn predators of its toxicity.1

如果有人碰了或吃了它

如果有人碰了它：好好洗手，不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果孩子或宠物舔了或吃了它：打电话给中毒急救中心或急救电话。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果你碰了或吃了它：不要揉眼睛或嘴巴，洗手并就医。

它不是冲着你来的。它的毒只是为了不被吃掉。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

比你的小指还短180 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

European fire-bellied toad和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

European fire-bellied toad 约 2 公里/小时 (1.2 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

The antifungal effect of bombinins in the skin makes them promising for use in food packaging to slow spoilage.1

A population in Lorraine, France, lives more than 500 km from its natural range, probably because people moved them there on purpose.1

Dozens of ponds dug in Funen County, Denmark, helped increase the population about five-fold in a decade.1

The prokineticin family of compounds was first discovered in this species and the yellow-bellied toad.1

给毒液专家

学名: Bombina bombina
类别: 毒蛙、蟾蜍和蝾螈
家人: Bombinatoridae2
排序: Anura
大洲: 欧洲
宝宝: Females lay up to 15 to 40 eggs, depending on their size. Tadpoles hatch in about a week and develop for about a month before metamorphosing at about 3.8 cm.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least Concern (IUCN), though it has suffered losses in parts of its range1
对人的危险: 1 / 5: 轻微3