第 1377 号，共 1 402 张

Longhorn cowfish

Lactoria cornuta

名字的由来： The genus name Lactoria means 'milkcow', after the large spines above the eyes that look like cow horns. The specific name cornutus means 'horned'.1

无害对人无害。不用担心。

其他有毒动物

皮肤里有毒吃：什么都来一点碰了或吃了有毒，不注射毒液

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

The longhorn cowfish is a small, boxy reef fish with two long horns above its eyes, like a cow's. It lives in warm waters across the Indo-Pacific, from the Red Sea to Japan and Australia. It is a slow swimmer that protects itself with a hard box-like body and a skin poison.1

有毒还是有毒液？有毒液的动物通过咬或蜇注入毒液。有毒的动物是碰了或吃了会受害。这一种是碰了或吃了有害的。

生活在

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa east through Indonesia to the Marquesas, north to southern Japan, south to Australia and Lord Howe Island1

太平洋, 印度洋, 红海, 珊瑚海, 菲律宾海, 南海, 帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海, 孟加拉湾

首页

It mainly lives on coral reefs in lagoons, reef flats, estuaries, bays and protected seaward reefs, usually over sand or rubble bottoms. Adults are often solitary and territorial. It is found at depths of 1 to 45 m, and perhaps up to 100 m.1

长度

6.5 cm到50 cm (2.6 in到1.6 ft)1

体重

12 g到156 g (0.4 oz到6 oz)1

最高速度

约 4 公里/小时（2.5 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats benthic algae, microorganisms and foraminiferans, which it strains from sediment. It also eats sponges, polychaete worms, molluscs and small crustaceans and fish. It feeds on animals living in sand by blowing jets of water into the sandy bottom.1

Longhorn cowfish的照片 — Longhorn cowfish。照片：Pauline Walsh Jacobson。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Two long horns stick out from the front of the head, above the large eyes1
Its body is a solid, triangular, box-like shell made of fused plate-like scales, with the fins and tail sticking out1
The base colour is yellow to olive, decorated with white or bluish spots1
It has no gill cover, only a small slit or hole behind the head1
It swims slowly with its fins, so it looks as if it is hovering1

毒力

皮肤里有毒

它的皮肤有毒。摸、舔或吃都很危险。

它的毒会造成什么？

When it is severely stressed, it can release a toxin called pahutoxin from the mucus on its skin. This poison is toxic to other boxfish and has properties similar to sea cucumber toxins.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

它害怕时会做什么？

Its hard box-like shell, its horns, which can be used to charge at predators, and its skin poison all protect it. If severely stressed, it may release its toxin.1

如果有人碰了或吃了它

如果有人吃了它，或吃后出现症状：立刻拨打急救电话或中毒急救中心。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果你碰了或吃了它：不要揉眼睛或嘴巴，洗手并就医。

它不是冲着你来的。它的毒只是为了不被吃掉。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋印度洋红海珊瑚海南海菲律宾海帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海孟加拉湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 1.5 根香蕉一样重

和 3 根香蕉首尾相接一样长和 16 块玩具积木排成一排一样长45 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Longhorn cowfish和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在游泳的人 约 3 公里/小时 (1.9 mph)

Longhorn cowfish 约 4 公里/小时 (2.5 mph)

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

值得了解

事实

Its horns may have evolved to make it harder for predators to swallow it, and if damaged, they can grow back within a few months.1

It can make humming and clicking sounds using muscles connected to its swim bladder.1

It is slow and easy to catch by hand, and it makes a grunting noise when caught.1

On Pamban Island in India, a local belief says cows on the island turned into these fish when the land separated.1

It helps protect coral reefs by eating invertebrates that damage them, and it is also important to reef growth.1

给毒液专家

学名: Lactoria cornuta
类别: 其他有毒动物
家人: Ostraciidae2
排序: Tetraodontiformes
大洲: 太平洋, 印度洋, 红海, 珊瑚海, 菲律宾海, 南海, 帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海, 孟加拉湾, 海洋
宝宝: Females spawn in small groups, with one male and 3 to 4 females in each harem. The oval eggs hatch into larvae that quickly form the box-like armour.1
对人的危险: 1 / 5: 轻微3