第 1402 号，共 1 402 张

Mangrove horseshoe crab

Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda

名字的由来： It is named after mangrove swamps, where it lives. The other name, round-tailed horseshoe crab, refers to its tail, which is rounded in cross section.1

可致命不治疗可能致命。如果有人吃了它，赶快求助。

其他有毒动物

吃了有毒吃：肉碰了或吃了有毒，不注射毒液

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The mangrove horseshoe crab is a sea creature with a hard shell and a long spiky tail. It lives in warm, shallow, muddy coastal waters in South and Southeast Asia. Its flesh contains a deadly poison, so it is important to know it apart from a safe relative.1

有毒还是有毒液？有毒液的动物通过咬或蜇注入毒液。有毒的动物是碰了或吃了会受害。这一种是碰了或吃了有害的。

生活在

Tropical and brackish waters of India, Bangladesh and Southeast Asia. It may also occur in Sri Lanka, Myanmar and the Philippines.1

印度洋, 太平洋, 南海, 安达曼海, 孟加拉湾

首页

It lives in shallow waters with soft, sandy bottoms or extensive mud flats, especially brackish, swampy areas such as mangroves. It spends most of its life close to or on the bottom. People meet it when fishermen collect it for food in Southeast Asia.1

长度

28 cm到40 cm (11 in到1.3 ft)1

最高速度

约 0.5 公里/小时（0.31 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It is a selective feeder on the bottom, eating mainly insect larvae, small fish, small crabs and thin-shelled bivalves. It has no jaws, so it grinds food with bristles on its legs and passes it to its mouth with its small front pincers.1

Mangrove horseshoe crab的照片 — Mangrove horseshoe crab。照片：Amada44。 CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

It is the smallest of the four living horseshoe crab species.1
Its tail has a rounded cross section. In the other species the tail is essentially triangular.1
Females are larger than males. Females are typically about 30.5 to 31.5 cm long including the tail.1
Adults have a large dome-shaped front shell, a smaller rear shell with spines on its edge, and a spike-like tail.1

常被误认为： It is often confused with Tachypleus gigas, which is harmless to eat. The mangrove horseshoe crab has a rounded tail, while T. gigas has a triangular one. Tachypleus tridentatus can live in the same habitat.1

毒力

吃了有毒

只有被什么东西吃掉时才有害。

它的毒会造成什么？

Its flesh contains tetrodotoxin (TTX), a poison that is lethal. This is a poison in the food, not a venom from a bite or sting.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

Several cases of food poisoning have happened after people ate this crab, and some of these cases were fatal. These cases usually occur when the crab is mistaken for the harmless T. gigas.1

如果有人碰了或吃了它

如果有人吃了它，或吃后出现症状：立刻拨打急救电话或中毒急救中心。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果你碰了或吃了它：不要揉眼睛或嘴巴，洗手并就医。

它不是冲着你来的。它的毒只是为了不被吃掉。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋印度洋南海安达曼海孟加拉湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 2 根香蕉首尾相接一样长和 12 块玩具积木排成一排一样长

Mangrove horseshoe crab和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

Mangrove horseshoe crab 约 0.5 公里/小时 (0.31 mph)

一个在游泳的人 约 3 公里/小时 (1.9 mph)

值得了解

事实

Its flesh contains a lethal poison, but its roe is a prized delicacy in Thailand, where it is served in a salad called yam khai maeng da.1

Horseshoe crabs have remained almost unchanged in shape and size for millions of years, and their fossils over 400 million years old look almost identical to living ones.1

Juveniles grow about 33% bigger each time they moult, taking about five moults to grow from 2 cm to adult size.1

Males cling to the backs of females for long periods before the eggs are laid, and it is thought that this species is monogamous.1

Horseshoe crabs have two compound eyes, which are mainly used to find a mate.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： All horseshoe crabs are safe to eat.

真相： The mangrove horseshoe crab is not safe. Its flesh contains lethal tetrodotoxin, unlike T. gigas, which is harmless to eat.1

给毒液专家

学名: Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda
类别: 其他有毒动物
家人: Limulidae2
排序: Xiphosurida
大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 南海, 安达曼海, 孟加拉湾, 海洋
宝宝: Females lay about 3500 eggs in a hole dug in the sand or mud, and the male fertilises them. The large eggs hatch after a couple of weeks into miniature versions of the adults.1
对人的危险: 4 / 5: 非常危险3