第 1242 号，共 1 402 张

Pelagic stingray

Pteroplatytrygon violacea

名字的由来： The scientific name comes from Greek words meaning 'wing' or 'fin', 'broad' and 'stingray', plus the Latin for 'purple', which refers to its colour.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被蜇了要去看医生。

有毒的鱼

蜇伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The pelagic stingray is a ray that lives in the open ocean rather than on the sea floor, which sets it apart from almost all other stingrays. It is found in warm waters around much of the world. It can give a severe sting with its tail spine, so it matters most to people who work on fishing boats.1

生活在

Worldwide in warm tropical to warm-temperate ocean waters, between about 52°N and 50°S1

大西洋, 太平洋, 印度洋, 地中海, 加勒比海

首页

It lives in the open ocean, usually in surface waters down to about 100 m over deep water. It prefers water warmer than 19 °C and moves seasonally with warm water masses. People most often meet it as bycatch on fishing boats.1

长度

1.3 m (4.3 ft)1

体重

49 kg (108 lb)1

最高速度

约 21 公里/小时（13 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It is an active hunter that wraps its pectoral fins around prey and moves it to its mouth. It eats crustaceans, squid and octopus, bony fishes such as herring and mackerel, jellyfish and comb jellies, and polychaete worms.1

Pelagic stingray的照片 — Pelagic stingray。照片：Diego Delso。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

The pectoral fin disc is a thick, wedge-shaped wing that is about one-third wider than it is long.1
It is a plain dark purple to blue-green above, with a slightly lighter shade below.1
The tail is whip-like, up to twice as long as the disc, with an extremely long, serrated spine about a third to halfway along it.1
Young rays are smooth-skinned, and small prickles and thorns appear with age.1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The venom is on the tail spine and is quite potent, which is why other fishes avoid it.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

It is rarely encountered except by fishery workers. Its tail spine can inflict a severe wound that can be fatal.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When captured and handled, it releases a thick black mucus that covers its body, and its tail spine delivers venom.1

如果它蜇人

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋大西洋印度洋地中海加勒比海

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 2.5 只狗一样重

和 2.5 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 7 根香蕉首尾相接一样长8.6 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Pelagic stingray和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

Pelagic stingray 约 21 公里/小时 (13 mph)

一只全速游的海豚 约 35 公里/小时 (22 mph)

值得了解

事实

It is the only stingray that almost exclusively lives in the open ocean rather than on the sea floor.1

Instead of rippling the edges of its disc like other stingrays, it swims by flapping its pectoral fins, similar to eagle rays.1

Both sexes have pointed teeth, which is unusual among stingrays. Only the teeth of adult males are longer and sharper.1

Females can store sperm inside their bodies for more than a year, waiting for good conditions before their young develop.1

A captive female reached 94 cm across and 49 kg, the largest individual on record from a rearing experiment.1

Oceanic whitetip sharks, great white sharks and toothed whales prey on it.1

给毒液专家

学名: Pteroplatytrygon violacea
类别: 有毒的鱼
家人: Dasyatidae2
排序: Myliobatiformes
大洲: 大西洋, 太平洋, 印度洋, 地中海, 加勒比海, 海洋
宝宝: It gives birth to live young. Females may bear two litters of 4 to 13 pups per year after a gestation of 2 to 4 months.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least Concern1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3