第 1238 号，共 1 402 张

Southern stingray

Hypanus americanus

需要看医生很少致命，但被蜇了要去看医生。

蜇伤吃：肉

The southern stingray is a flat, diamond-shaped fish that lives on the sea bed in warm waters of the western Atlantic Ocean. It hides under sand and mud and is famous for the venomous spine on its tail. Divers and snorkellers often meet it in the Caribbean.1

生活在

Tropical and subtropical waters of the western Atlantic, from New Jersey to southern Brazil, including the Caribbean1

大西洋, 墨西哥湾, 加勒比海

首页

It lives on the sea bed, often in shallow water, and can be found singly or in pairs. In parts of the Caribbean, such as Grand Cayman, Antigua and Turks and Caicos, people meet it at places like Stingray City, the Sandbar and Gibbs Cay, where it swims with divers and snorkellers.1

长度

1.5 m (4.9 ft)1

最高速度

约 22 公里/小时（14 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats small fishes, worms, crustaceans and bivalves. It is an opportunistic feeder that digs and sprays water from its mouth or flaps its fins to uncover hidden prey.1

Southern stingray的照片 — Southern stingray。照片：D Ross Robertson。 Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

A flat, diamond-shaped body that is more angular than other rays1
Top of the body is olive brown or green in adults and dark grey in juveniles1
Underside is white1
A slender tail with a long, serrated, venomous spine at the base1
Eyes sit on top of the head, with small breathing openings called spiracles behind them1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The barb on the tail is covered in venomous mucus. The spines are not fatal to humans, but stepping on one causes intense pain.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The spines are not fatal to humans, but they are incredibly painful if stepped on. They are used to defend the stingray against predators, including humans.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It buries itself in the sea bed to avoid predators and uses its venomous tail spines to drive them off.1

如果它蜇人

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲大西洋加勒比海墨西哥湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 3 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 8 根香蕉首尾相接一样长8.2 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Southern stingray和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

Southern stingray 约 22 公里/小时 (14 mph)

一只全速游的海豚 约 35 公里/小时 (22 mph)

值得了解

事实

In shallow waters, birds follow the stingrays as they dig, eating the fish that the stingrays uncover.1

Its eyes and breathing openings sit on top of its head, so it can take in water while lying on the sea bed or buried in sand.1

It senses hidden prey through Ampullae of Lorenzini, which pick up the electric fields that prey give off.1

It is nocturnal, so most of its hunting happens at night.1

Female southern stingrays grow much larger than males.1

给毒液专家

学名: Hypanus americanus
类别: 有毒的鱼
家人: Dasyatidae2
排序: Myliobatiformes
大洲: 大西洋, 墨西哥湾, 加勒比海, 海洋
宝宝: It gives live birth after a pregnancy lasting about seven to eight months. In captivity, a litter of two to ten young has been recorded.1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3