Venom Wiki / Zvisikwa zvose / Matarantula nemafunnel-web

Nhamba 0737 pa1 402

Sydney funnel-web spider

Atrax robustus

Nezvezita: The species name robustus comes from the Latin word for strong, sturdy or mature.1

InourayaImwe yemhuka dzinouraya zvikuru paPasi. Kana ikakuruma, shevedza rubatsiro ipapo ipapo.Inouraya mumaminitsi. Rubatsiro runofanira kunge ratova munzira.

Matarantula nemafunnel-web

InorumaInodya: Nyama

Ngozi kuvanhu: InourayaImwe yemhuka dzine ngozi zvikuru pasi rose.

The Sydney funnel-web spider is a venomous spider from eastern Australia. It is found mostly within about 100 km of Sydney. Its bite can cause serious illness or death if it is not treated, so it is one of the most important spiders to know about in the region.1

Inogara mu

Eastern Australia, mostly within a 100 km radius of Sydney, New South Wales1

Australia neOceania

Kumba

It lives in moist places, such as under logs, rocks and foliage, and in moist sand and clay. Males often wander into backyards and houses, and can fall into swimming pools.1

Kureba

5 cm (2 in)1

Kumhanya kukuru

kunenge 1,4 km/h (0,87 mph)

Pasi pevhu, kufungidzira

Inodya chii?

It eats insects such as beetles and cockroaches, land snails, millipedes, lizards and frogs. It waits in a silk-lined burrow and rushes out when prey walks across the trip-lines around the entrance, then injects venom to subdue it.1

Mufananidzo waSydney funnel-web spider — Sydney funnel-web spider. Mufananidzo: Sputniktilt. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Maziviro ayo

Body length is 1 to 5 cm.1
Both sexes are glossy and darkly coloured, from blue-black or black to brown or dark plum.1
The top of the body is almost hairless and looks smooth and shiny.1
It has finger-like spinnerets at the end of the abdomen.1
Males are smaller than females but have longer legs.1

Simba reuturu

Inoruma

Uturu hunobuda nemeno ayo painoruma.

Uturu hwayo hunoitei?

The venom contains delta-atracotoxin, which affects the ion channels of nerves and makes it highly toxic to humans and other primates. Symptoms can include intense nausea, vomiting, excessive saliva, muscle twitching, breathing difficulty, confusion and unconsciousness. In severe cases, symptoms begin in under one hour, with a median time of 28 minutes in one study.1

Ine ngozi yakadii kuvanhu?

Ngozi kuvanhu: InourayaImwe yemhuka dzine ngozi zvikuru pasi rose.

A bite can cause serious illness or death if untreated. Children are at particular risk: in one study, 42% of severe cases were children. There is at least one recorded case of a small child dying within 15 minutes of a bite. Only the Sydney funnel-web and the northern tree-dwelling funnel-web have been known to cause fatal bites in humans. There have been no recorded deaths since antivenom became available in 1981.1

Mashoko akanaka: vanachiremba vane mushonga (antivenom) kana kurapwa kwechinhu ichi.1

Inoitei kana yatya?

When threatened or provoked, it rears up on its hind legs, shows its fangs and may bite repeatedly while holding on tightly.1

Kana ikaruma

A Sydney funnel-web bite is a medical emergency that needs immediate hospital treatment. Guidelines recommend two vials of antivenom, or four if symptoms are severe, with patients assessed every 15 minutes and more vials given if symptoms do not resolve.1
Geza parumwa wotonhodza. Wana rubatsiro rwechiremba kana marwadzo akanyanya kana munhu asinganzwi zvakanaka.
MuAustralia, kurumwa kupi nekupi nedandemutande hombe dema kunobatwa sekurumwa nefunnel-web: Kusunga nekumisa (pressure immobilisation): monera bhandeji rinotambanuka zvakasimba pamusoro peparumwa wozokwira nenhengo yose (ruoko kana gumbo), isungirire nechitsigiso (splint), uye chengeta munhu asingafambe zvachose kusvikira rubatsiro rwasvika.

Gara uchitanga wafonera nhamba yechimbichimbi (112, 000, 911). Iri izano rakajairika rerubatsiro rwekutanga, kwete zano rechiremba. Zvakakosha zverubatsiro rwekutanga

Gara wakachengeteka

Usambobata mhuka yesango, kuedza kuitora kana kuinetsa, kunyange iri diki, uye kunyange ichiita seyakarara kana yakafa.
Ipa nzvimbo. Kana ukasangana nayo, dzikama, dzokera shure zvishoma nezvishoma uirege iende nenzira yayo.
Kana imwe ikakuruma: dzikama, gara wakanyarara, fonera nhamba yechimbichimbi (112, 000, 911) kana kuti enda kuchipatara nokukurumidza. Rangarira kuti yaitaridzika sei, mufananidzo unobatsira.

Haisi kukutsvaga. Inoshandisa uturu hwayo kubata chikafu kana kuzvidzivirira, uye inotonyanya kuda kuhwanda. Zvimwe pamusoro pekugara wakachengeteka

Kupi pasi rose?

Afrika Asia Yuropu Amerika yeKuchamhembe Amerika yeKumaodzanyemba Australia neOceania

Yakakura sei?

Yakareba zvakadii?

ipfupi kupfuura munwe wako mudikiinogona kumhanya mamita 100 mumasekondi 260 (munhu anomhanyisa kupfuura vose anoda 9.6)

Sydney funnel-web spider yakakura sei kana yaenzaniswa NEWE?

Masvomhu chete mubrowser yako. Hapana chinochengetwa kana kutumirwa kupi zvako.

Inomhanya zvakadii?

Kamba kunenge 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Sydney funnel-web spider kunenge 1,4 km/h (0,87 mph)

Munhu achifamba kunenge 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

zvakanaka kuziva

Chokwadi

Males can survive submersion in water for up to twenty-four hours by trapping air bubbles on the hairs of their abdomen.1

One dose of antivenom needs around 70 milkings from a Sydney funnel-web spider.1

The most antivenom vials used to treat one bite is twelve, for a 10-year-old boy bitten in February 2017 by a male hiding in a shoe.1

Female spiders are long-lived and spend most of their time in their burrows. No severe envenoming by a female has been reported.1

Activity increases after heavy rain, because burrows can become flooded.1

Kuputsa ngano

Ngano: The male and female funnel-web spiders were thought to be different species.

Chokwadi: In 1927, Anthony Musgrave showed from anatomical similarities that the male Euctimena tibialis was the male of Atrax robustus, the same species as the female.1

Kune nyanzvi dzeuturu

Zita resainzi: Atrax robustus
Boka: Matarantula nemafunnel-web
Mhuri: Atracidae2
Odha: Araneae
Makondinendi: Australia neOceania
Ngozi kuvanhu: 5 / 5: Inouraya3

Kwakabva chokwadi

Sydney funnel-web spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Atrax robustus (iNaturalist): mazita nekurongwa kwemhuka.
Venom Wiki: danho rengozi, saizi yakajairika nekufungidzira kwekumhanya ndezvedu. Ona kuti tinozviwana sei: Matinoyera ngozi.

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