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Crown-of-thorns starfish

Acanthaster planci

Kuhusu jina: Its common name comes from the long, thornlike spines that cover its upper surface, which resemble the biblical crown of thorns.1

Anahitaji daktariUsiguseMara chache huua, lakini miiba yake ikikuchoma, nenda kwa daktari.

Koche, nyota wa bahari na minyoo

Miiba yenye sumuHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaMiiba yake ikikuchoma, nenda kwa daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

The crown-of-thorns starfish is a large starfish with long, sharp spines that look like a crown of thorns. It lives on coral reefs across the Indo-Pacific, from the Red Sea to the west coast of Central America, and it is most common around Australia. It feeds on hard coral, so it can change the reefs it lives on.1

Anaishi

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea, East African coast, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean to west coast of Central America; most common around Australia1

Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Pasifiki, Bahari ya Shamu, Bahari ya Matumbawe, Bahari ya Ufilipino, Bahari ya Kusini ya China, Bahari ya Andaman, Bahari ya Arabia na Ghuba ya Uajemi, Bahari ya Timor na Arafura, Ghuba ya Bengal

Nyumbani

It lives where coral reefs or hard coral communities occur in tropical and subtropical waters.1

Urefu

25 cm hadi 35 cm (9.8 in hadi 1.1 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 0.02 kwa saa (maili 0.01 kwa saa)

Kuogelea, makadirio

Hula nini?

It is a coral predator that climbs onto living coral using its tube feet and pushes its stomach out over the coral. Digestive enzymes turn the coral tissue into liquid, which it absorbs, leaving a white scar of bare skeleton.1

Picha ya Crown-of-thorns starfish — Crown-of-thorns starfish. Picha: John Hepburn. CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Adults are normally 25 to 35 cm across.1
Up to 21 arms, with long, stiff, very sharp spines that are 4 to 5 cm long on the top and sides of the arms.1
Colour varies with diet or region: purple, purple-blue, reddish grey or brown with red spine tips, or green with yellow spine tips.1
The body is flexible and can bend and twist around coral surfaces.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: A close relative, Acanthaster brevispinus, lives on soft sea floors at moderate depths rather than on coral reefs. The two are considered sibling species.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Miiba yenye sumu

Miiba mikali hubeba sumu. Kumkanyaga au kumshika kunauma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

The spines do not inject venom. When they pierce skin, tissue containing saponins (detergent-like chemicals) is left in the wound. In humans this causes a sharp, stinging pain that can last several hours, persistent bleeding, and nausea and swelling that may last a week or more.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaMiiba yake ikikuchoma, nenda kwa daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

The spines can cause sharp pain, long-lasting bleeding, nausea and swelling. Brittle spines can break off and stay in the tissue.1

Miiba yake ikikuchoma

Spines that become embedded in the tissue must be removed surgically.1
Weka jeraha kwenye maji ya moto, moto kiasi ambacho mtu anaweza kuvumilia bila kuungua, na utafute msaada wa kitabibu kuondoa miiba. Usiichokonoe mwenyewe.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Miiba yake ikikuchoma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania Bahari ya Pasifiki Bahari ya Hindi Bahari ya Shamu Bahari ya Matumbawe Bahari ya Kusini ya China Bahari ya Ufilipino Bahari ya Andaman Bahari ya Arabia na Ghuba ya Uajemi Bahari ya Timor na Arafura Ghuba ya Bengal

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na matofali 11 ya kuchezea yaliyopangwa mstaripolepole kuliko konokono wa bustanini

Crown-of-thorns starfish ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Farasi wa bahari takriban km 0.0015 kwa saa (0 mph)

Crown-of-thorns starfish takriban km 0.02 kwa saa (0.01 mph)

Konokono wa bustanini takriban km 0.05 kwa saa (0.03 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

An individual starfish can consume up to 6 square metres of living coral reef per year.1

When taken out of water, its soft body ruptures and collapses, but its spines can recover their shape if it is put back in the water while still alive.1

Its body contains detergent-like saponins, so keeping starfish in small volumes of water with aeration produces large amounts of foam.1

It is one of the largest starfish in the world.1

It has lost the usual five-fold symmetry of starfish as it grew more arms, although it begins life with five-fold symmetry.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: Its spines inject venom like a snake or stinging animal.

Ukweli: It has no mechanism for injecting toxin. Its spines pierce skin and leave saponin-containing tissue in the wound.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Acanthaster planci
Kundi: Koche, nyota wa bahari na minyoo
Familia: Acanthasteridae2
Mpangilio: Valvatida
Mabara: Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Pasifiki, Bahari ya Shamu, Bahari ya Matumbawe, Bahari ya Ufilipino, Bahari ya Kusini ya China, Bahari ya Andaman, Bahari ya Arabia na Ghuba ya Uajemi, Bahari ya Timor na Arafura, Ghuba ya Bengal, Bahari kuu
Watoto: It releases vast amounts of eggs and sperm (gametes) during mass spawning events in summer, and the eggs contain saponins similar to those in adults.1
Hatari kwa watu: 3 / 5: Mbaya3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Crown-of-thorns starfish (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Acanthaster planci (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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