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Bay of Bengal blue-ringed octopus

Hapalochlaena nierstraszi

Anaweza kuuaAnaweza kukuua bila matibabu. Akikuuma, tafuta msaada haraka.

Konokono koni na pweza

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The Bay of Bengal blue-ringed octopus is a small sea creature that hides in rock crevices and coral reefs. It is one of the most venomous marine animals in the world, even though it is only about the size of a hand. Its blue rings are a warning to keep away.1

Anaishi

Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean, from Japan to Australia (blue-ringed octopuses in general)1

Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Andaman, Ghuba ya Bengal

Nyumbani

It lives in tide pools, between rocks, in crevices and shells, and on coral reefs. Blue-ringed octopuses hide in crevices and pile rocks at the entrance to their lairs.1

Urefu

12 cm hadi 20 cm (4.7 in hadi 7.9 in)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 25 kwa saa (maili 16 kwa saa)

Kuogelea, makadirio

Hula nini?

It eats small crustaceans, including crabs, hermit crabs and shrimp, as well as fish. It pounces on its prey, seizes it with its arms, and pierces the shell or exoskeleton with its horny beak to release venom.1

Picha ya Bay of Bengal blue-ringed octopus — Bay of Bengal blue-ringed octopus. Picha: Jens Petersen. CC BY 2.5, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Yellowish skin with blue and black rings1
Small size, about 12 to 20 cm1
When provoked, it turns bright yellow and its rings flash bright iridescent blue within a third of a second1
Usually hides in crevices and is rarely seen out in the open1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom contains tetrodotoxin, a neurotoxin (a poison that attacks the nerves). It causes paralysis of the muscles and can stop breathing within minutes. Victims stay fully aware but cannot move, and the venom can also cause nausea, heart failure and blindness.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The octopus carries enough venom to kill more than 20 adult humans within minutes. Its bites are tiny and often painless, so victims may not realise they have been bitten until breathing problems and paralysis begin. Estimates of recorded human deaths range from seven to 16, and most scholars agree at least 11 have occurred. Children are the most at risk because of their small body size.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

It first tries to flee. If the threat continues, it takes a defensive stance and flashes its blue rings, and if cornered and touched it may bite.1

Akiuma

First aid is pressure on the wound, followed by artificial respiration as soon as paralysis stops the victim breathing. Respiratory support should continue until medical help arrives. In hospital, the patient is put on a ventilator until the toxin leaves the body, and those who survive the first 24 hours usually recover completely.1
Kubana na kutotikisa: funga bandeji nyororo kwa nguvu juu ya jeraha kisha mguu au mkono mzima, weka banzi, na umweke mtu bila kutikisika kabisa hadi msaada ufike.
Pweza mwenye pete za bluu au konokono koni anaweza kusimamisha pumzi ya mtu akiwa bado ana fahamu: omba msaada na uwe tayari kumpa pumzi ya uokoaji hadi gari la wagonjwa lifike.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania Bahari ya Hindi Bahari ya Andaman Ghuba ya Bengal

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na matofali 6 ya kuchezea yaliyopangwa mstariangeweza kuogelea urefu wa bwawa kubwa (m 50) kwa sekunde 7.2

Bay of Bengal blue-ringed octopus ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Mwogeleaji wa Olimpiki takriban km 8 kwa saa (5 mph)

Bay of Bengal blue-ringed octopus takriban km 25 kwa saa (16 mph)

Pomboo kwa kasi kamili takriban km 35 kwa saa (22 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

The blue-ringed octopus was the first animal reported to use tetrodotoxin as a venom. The same toxin is also found in pufferfish, rough-skinned newts and some poison dart frogs.1

The mother may inject the toxin into her eggs, which may then make their own venom before hatching.1

The octopus produces its venom using bacteria living inside its posterior salivary gland.1

Its blue rings flash in less than a third of a second, using muscles under nerve control. This is a warning display.1

The octopus's own body is resistant to its tetrodotoxin, so the venom does not harm it.1

In the 1983 James Bond film Octopussy, the blue-ringed octopus is the symbol of a secret order of female bandits and smugglers.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: Because it is small and relatively docile, the blue-ringed octopus is harmless.

Ukweli: It is small and usually calm, but it is very dangerous if it is provoked or handled. Its venom can kill a healthy adult within minutes if not treated.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Hapalochlaena nierstraszi
Kundi: Konokono koni na pweza
Familia: Octopodidae2
Mpangilio: Octopoda
Mabara: Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Andaman, Ghuba ya Bengal, Bahari kuu
Watoto: The female lays one clutch of about 50 eggs in late autumn and keeps them under her arms for about six months. She does not eat during this time, and she dies after the eggs hatch.1
Hali yake porini: Least concern1
Hatari kwa watu: 4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Blue-ringed octopus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Hapalochlaena nierstraszi (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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