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Short-tail stingray

Bathytoshia brevicaudata

Kuhusu jina: The scientific name Bathytoshia brevicaudata comes from the Latin words brevis (short) and cauda (tail), which refer to its short tail.1

Anaweza kuuaAnaweza kukuua bila matibabu. Akikudunga, tafuta msaada haraka.

Samaki wenye sumu

KudungwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The short-tail stingray is one of the largest stingrays in the world. It lives in temperate seas off southern Africa, southern Australia and New Zealand, mostly on or near the sea floor. It is not aggressive, but its long venomous sting can cause a serious wound if the ray is startled.1

Anaishi

Temperate waters of the Southern Hemisphere: southern Africa, southern Australia, including Tasmania, and New Zealand1

Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Pasifiki, Bahari ya Matumbawe

Nyumbani

It lives on the bottom in estuaries, sheltered bays, sandy flats, rocky reefs and the outer continental shelf, and sometimes swims up into open water. Off southern Africa it is usually found offshore, at depths of 180 to 480 m. Off Australia and New Zealand it can be found from the intertidal zone down to 156 m. At Hamelin Bay in Western Australia, many rays gather where visitors hand-feed them fish scraps.1

Urefu

4.3 m (14 ft)1

Uzito

350 kg (772 lb)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 30 kwa saa (maili 19 kwa saa)

Kuogelea, makadirio

Hula nini?

It eats bony fishes and invertebrates such as molluscs and crustaceans, including burrowing species. It finds buried bivalves and spoon worms by detecting the tiny water jets they produce, then sucks them out of the sediment. It also eats open-water animals such as salps and hyperiid amphipods.1

Picha ya Short-tail stingray — Short-tail stingray. Picha: Alpha from Melbourne, Australia. CC BY-SA 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Diamond-shaped, heavy disc that is smooth, with no scales (dermal denticles) on the disc even in adults1
Plain grey-brown back, darkening towards the tail and above the eyes, with a line of white pores on either side of the head1
Whitish underside, darkening towards the edges of the fins1
Tail usually shorter than the disc, thick at the base, with one or two serrated stinging spines about halfway along it1
Adults have a row of large, spear-like thorns in front of the sting1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: The pitted stingray (Dasyatis matsubarai) of the northwestern Pacific looks similar but is smaller. Records of this species from northern Australia and Thailand are thought to be other rays that were misidentified.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kudungwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia mdungo.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its sting is venomous. The mucous sheath covering the sting contains a toxin that causes necrosis, which means the death of body tissue. The most dangerous injuries involve damage to a vital organ, heavy blood loss, or secondary infection (sepsis) or tetanus.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The short-tail stingray is not aggressive, but if startled or harassed it can inflict a serious and even fatal wound. Its sting can be over 30 cm long and can penetrate most footwear, including kevlar bootees. It is responsible for most stingray injuries off New Zealand, including the death of Australian naturalist Steve Irwin, who was pierced in the chest by its barbed tail.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

When threatened, it raises its tail over its back like a scorpion, and a startled ray can leap through the water and strike with its tail.1

Akidunga

Weka jeraha kwenye maji ya moto, moto kiasi ambacho mtu anaweza kuvumilia bila kuungua (pima kwanza kwa mkono wako), kwa dakika 30 hadi 90. Tafuta msaada wa kitabibu, hasa kwa samaki-jiwe na taa.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikudunga: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania Bahari ya Pasifiki Bahari ya Hindi Bahari ya Matumbawe

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

Ana uzito gani?

uzito sawa na mbwa 18

urefu sawa na mbwa 4 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 24 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kuogelea urefu wa bwawa kubwa (m 50) kwa sekunde 6

Short-tail stingray ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Mwogeleaji wa Olimpiki takriban km 8 kwa saa (5 mph)

Short-tail stingray takriban km 30 kwa saa (19 mph)

Pomboo kwa kasi kamili takriban km 35 kwa saa (22 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

It can flap its pectoral fins with enough force to make a loud audible 'bang' in the water, although it is usually slow-moving.1

It is one of the largest stingrays in the world, and reliable observers off New Zealand have reported individuals almost 3 m across.1

Captive experiments suggest it can detect magnetic fields, which may help it navigate.1

Every summer, large groups gather under the rocky archways of the Poor Knights Islands off New Zealand, where both mating and birthing have been seen.1

Captive females have been observed mating with up to three different males in succession.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Bathytoshia brevicaudata
Kundi: Samaki wenye sumu
Familia: Dasyatidae2
Mpangilio: Myliobatiformes
Mabara: Bahari ya Hindi, Bahari ya Pasifiki, Bahari ya Matumbawe, Bahari kuu
Watoto: It gives birth to live young. Females usually have litters of 6 to 10 pups in summer, and newborns measure 32 to 36 cm across.1
Hali yake porini: Least Concern (IUCN)1
Hatari kwa watu: 4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Short-tail stingray (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bathytoshia brevicaudata (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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