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Gwardar

Pseudonaja mengdeni

Malunga negama: The scientific name Pseudonaja mengdeni honours Mengden, the person the species is named after; the name gwardar is one of its common names.1

SinokubulalaSinokukubulala ukuba awunyangwanga. Ukuba siyakuluma, fumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza.

Iinyoka zaseOstreliya

UkulumaSitya: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: Siyingozi kakhuluSinokubulala umntu ongafumani nyango.

The gwardar, also called Mengden's brown snake or the western brown snake, is a venomous snake found in dry parts of Australia. It is considered dangerously venomous, and its bite can cause severe symptoms that may lead to death.1

Sihlala

Endemic to Australia: from the coast of Western Australia through central Australia to north-west New South Wales and western Queensland1

IOstreliya neOceania

Ekhaya

It lives in dry to arid areas, including woodlands, spinifex deserts, sandplains, stony plains, croplands and grasslands. It is often found within fallen timber, dead trees, shrubs, native grasses and ground cavities.1

Ubude

2 m (6,6 ft)1

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-7,5 km/h (4,7 mph)

Emhlabeni, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

It preys on small reptiles, mammals, other snakes, ground-nesting birds and bird eggs.1

Ifoto ka-Gwardar — Gwardar. Ifoto: Carl-st205. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

Highly variable in colour, from light brown to almost black1
Two distinct forms: 'orange with black head' and 'pale head, grey nape'1
Scales on the head often form a black V or W pattern1
Cream, yellow, orange or grey belly, often with dark orange or grey blotches1
Slender body and narrow head, with a large strap-like scale around the front of the snout1

Sidla ngokubhidaniswa no: It is often confused with the eastern brown snake, which has a pink mouth lining, and the northern brown snake, which has a purplish or blue-black mouth lining. It is also confused with other brown snakes and the black-headed python. Telling species apart reliably requires scale counts, which should only be done by an experienced herpetologist.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Ukuluma

Ityhefu iphuma ngamazinyo aso etyhefu okanye ngamazinyo aso xa siluma.

Ityhefu yaso yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba yenza ntoni?

Its venom is neurotoxic, which attacks the nerves, and haemotoxic, which affects the blood. Its symptoms are severe and potentially fatal.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: Siyingozi kakhuluSinokubulala umntu ongafumani nyango.

It is considered dangerously venomous. Its bite can cause severe symptoms resulting in death. A scratch from its fangs can still be fatal.1

Iindaba ezimnandi: oogqirha banamayeza (i-antivenom) okanye unyango lwale nto.1

Senza ntoni xa soyika?

When threatened, it raises the front part of its body into an S-shape, lifts its head off the ground and opens its mouth.1

Ukuba siyaluma

First aid must be applied and medical attention sought straight away. Brown snake antivenom is the treatment used in case of envenoming.1
Ukubopha ngoxinzelelo nokunqanda ukushukuma (pressure immobilisation): songa ibhandeji eqinileyo enwebekayo phezu kwendawo elunyiweyo uze unyuke ngelungu lonke, uliqinise ngesiplinti, kwaye ugcine umntu engashukumi kwaphela de kufike uncedo.
Musa ukuhlamba indawo elunyiweyo: izibhedlele zinokuvavanya ityhefu eseleyo esikhumbeni ukuze zikhethe i-antivenom echanekileyo.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba siyakuluma: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

ubude obulingana neekati zasekhaya eziyi-4 ukusuka empumlweni ukuya emsileniubude obulingana neebhanana eziyi-11 zilandelelanasingagqiba iimitha ezili-100 ngemizuzwana eyi-48 (owona mntu ukhawulezayo udinga i-9,6)

U-Gwardar mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Umntu ohambayo malunga ne-5 km/h (3,1 mph)

Gwardar malunga ne-7,5 km/h (4,7 mph)

Umntwana okhwele ibhayisekile malunga ne-12 km/h (7,5 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

It is mainly active during the day, though it can be active on warm nights.1

Hybridisation between Pseudonaja species makes identifying them difficult.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Pseudonaja mengdeni
Iqela: Iinyoka zaseOstreliya
Usapho: Elapidae2
Ucwangco: Squamata
Amazwekazi: IOstreliya neOceania
Iintsana: It is oviparous, meaning it lays eggs, with up to more than 12 eggs per clutge.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 4 / 5: Siyingozi kakhulu3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Pseudonaja mengdeni (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Pseudonaja mengdeni (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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