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Inombolo 1379 kwezi-1 402

Moses sole

Pardachirus marmoratus

AsinangoziAsinangozi ebantwini. Akukho nto yokukhathazeka ngayo.

Ezinye izilwanyana ezityhefayo

Ityhefu esikhumbeni sasoSitya: InyamaSiyatyhefa, asinatyhefu yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba

Ingozi ebantwini: KuthambileNjengokuhlatywa yinyosi okanye ngaphantsi. Phantse asinangozi ebantwini.

The Moses sole is a flatfish that lives in shallow coastal waters of the western Indian Ocean, from the Red Sea to Sri Lanka and along the east coast of Africa. It hides on the seabed and gives off a milky toxin from its fins to deter predators, including sharks.1

Siyatyhefa okanye sinetyhefu? Izilwanyana ezinetyhefu zitofa ityhefu ngokuluma okanye ngokuhlaba. Izilwanyana ezityhefayo ziyingozi xa uzichukumisa okanye uzitya. Esi siyatyhefa.

Sihlala

Western Indian Ocean, from the Red Sea to Sri Lanka, and along the east coast of Africa to Durban1

uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, uLwandle oluBomvu, iBhayi yaseBengal

Ekhaya

It lives in shallow coastal waters where the seabed is sand or mud, often near coral reefs. During the day it often lies buried in the sand with only its eyes and nostrils showing.1

Ubude

20 cm (7,9 in)3

ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo besilwanyana esikhulileyo

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-0,5 km/h (0,31 mph)

Ukuqubha, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

It feeds mainly on bottom-dwelling invertebrates that live on the seabed.1

Ifoto ka-Moses sole — Moses sole. Ifoto: Diego Delso. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

Colour is variable, often whitish, pale brown or pale grey, with irregular dark brown ring-shaped markings1
Many dark brown spots cover the head, body and fins1
Normally two brown dots containing yellow flecks sit along the lateral line1
Adults have a highly compressed, flat-sided body, with both eyes on the right side of the head1
The rounded tail fin is not joined to the dorsal or cloacal fin1

Sidla ngokubhidaniswa no: Mimic octopuses copy the finless sole by adapting their shape, colour and texture. They can also mimic venomous sea snakes and fish.1

Amandla etyhefu

Ityhefu esikhumbeni saso

Isikhumba saso siyatyhefa. Kuyingozi ukusichukumisa, ukusikhotha okanye ukusitya.

Ityhefu yaso etyhefayo (xa usichukumisa okanye usitya) yenza ntoni?

The finless sole releases a milky toxin called an ichthyotoxin from the base of its dorsal and cloacal fins. The main toxin, pardaxin, damages cell membranes so that cells leak their contents. It irritates the sensitive gills of predator fish.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: KuthambileNjengokuhlatywa yinyosi okanye ngaphantsi. Phantse asinangozi ebantwini.

It is caught for food and sold fresh, even though its skin secretion is poisonous.1

Senza ntoni xa soyika?

When threatened, it releases its toxic milky secretion from its fins, and its colour helps it blend in with sandy or pebbled seabeds.1

Ukuba umntu usichukumisile okanye usityile

Ukuba umntu usityile okanye uneempawu emva kokusitya: tsalela inombolo kaxakeka okanye iziko lezityhefu (poison centre) ngoko nangoko.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba usichukumisile okanye usityile: musa ukukhuhla amehlo okanye umlomo wakho, hlamba izandla zakho kwaye ufumane uncedo lwezonyango.

Asikuzingeli. Ityhefu yaso ikhona nje ukuze kungabikho nto isityayo. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya uLwandle oluBomvu iBhayi yaseBengal

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

ubude obulingana neebhloko zokudlala zokwakha eziyi-6 zilandelelana

U-Moses sole mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Inkumba yasegadini malunga ne-0,05 km/h (0,03 mph)

Moses sole malunga ne-0,5 km/h (0,31 mph)

Umntu oqubhayo malunga ne-3 km/h (1,9 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

One of its toxins, pardaxin-1, is 5 to 10 times more toxic than pardaxin-2 and has unusual shark-repelling properties.1

Its toxin, pardaxin, is used by the fish as a defence against sharks.1

Mimic octopuses copy its shape, colour and texture, and can also copy venomous sea snakes and fish.1

Juveniles have one eye on each side of the head, but as they mature the left eye moves to the right side.1

Eugenie Clark carried out much of the early research on this species.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Pardachirus marmoratus
Iqela: Ezinye izilwanyana ezityhefayo
Usapho: Soleidae2
Ucwangco: Carangiformes
Amazwekazi: uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, uLwandle oluBomvu, iBhayi yaseBengal, Iilwandlekazi
Ingozi ebantwini: 1 / 5: Kuthambile3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Pardachirus marmoratus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Pardachirus marmoratus (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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