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Inombolo 1399 kwezi-1 402

Toxic zoanthid

Palythoa toxica

Malunga negama: Its Hawaiian name, limu-make-o-Hana, means 'seaweed of death from Hana', after the Hana district of Maui where it was first found.1

SinokubulalaMusa ukuchukumisaSinokubulala ukuba umntu akanyangwanga. Ukuba umntu uyasichukumisa okanye uyasitya, fumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza.

Ezinye izilwanyana ezityhefayo

Ityhefu esikhumbeni sasoSiyatyhefa, asinatyhefu yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba

Ingozi ebantwini: Siyingozi kakhuluSinokubulala umntu ongafumani nyango.

Palythoa toxica is a small, crust-like sea animal, called a zoanthid, that grows on rocks. It lives in Hawaii and is special because it is the species from which the very poisonous substance palytoxin was first discovered and isolated.1

Siyatyhefa okanye sinetyhefu? Izilwanyana ezinetyhefu zitofa ityhefu ngokuluma okanye ngokuhlaba. Izilwanyana ezityhefayo ziyingozi xa uzichukumisa okanye uzitya. Esi siyatyhefa.

Sihlala

Native to Hawaii; has been found sporadically throughout the state, first discovered on Maui1

uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, uLwandle lweCoral, uLwandle lwePhilippines, uLwandle lwaseMzantsi China

Ekhaya

It was first found in a shallow rock pool about 25 cm deep that received fresh water when heavy rain fell, so it can live in water of changing salt levels. It has also been sold to keepers of reef aquariums, where people have been poisoned by handling it carelessly.1

Ubude

1,5 cm (0,6 in)3

ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo besilwanyana esikhulileyo

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-0,5 km/h (0,31 mph)

Ukuqubha, uqikelelo nje

Ifoto ka-Toxic zoanthid — Toxic zoanthid. Ifoto: [1]. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

It grows as a flat, encrusting layer over rock.1
It has a firm, tough outer covering.1
Its polyps are partly sunk into a cushiony mat that spreads across the rock and contains sand grains and bits of debris.1
Each polyp has a broad mouth disc with a fringe of tentacles.1
Its colour varies but is usually cream, grey or pale brown.1

Amandla etyhefu

Ityhefu esikhumbeni saso

Isikhumba saso siyatyhefa. Kuyingozi ukusichukumisa, ukusikhotha okanye ukusitya.

Ityhefu yaso etyhefayo (xa usichukumisa okanye usitya) yenza ntoni?

It is not venomous in the sense of injecting venom with a bite or sting. It contains palytoxin, one of the most poisonous substances known.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: Siyingozi kakhuluSinokubulala umntu ongafumani nyango.

Palytoxin is one of the most poisonous substances known, and people have been poisoned by handling this animal in reef aquariums.1

Ukuba umntu usichukumisile okanye usityile

Ukuba umntu usityile okanye uneempawu emva kokusitya: tsalela inombolo kaxakeka okanye iziko lezityhefu (poison centre) ngoko nangoko.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba usichukumisile okanye usityile: musa ukukhuhla amehlo okanye umlomo wakho, hlamba izandla zakho kwaye ufumane uncedo lwezonyango.

Asikuzingeli. Ityhefu yaso ikhona nje ukuze kungabikho nto isityayo. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya uLwandle lweCoral uLwandle lwaseMzantsi China uLwandle lwePhilippines

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

mfutshane kunomnwe wakho omncinci

U-Toxic zoanthid mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Inkumba yasegadini malunga ne-0,05 km/h (0,03 mph)

Toxic zoanthid malunga ne-0,5 km/h (0,31 mph)

Umntu oqubhayo malunga ne-3 km/h (1,9 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

Early Hawaiians used this animal to poison the tips of their weapons, and a legend says warriors could break a taboo and dip their spear tips into its pool when under severe threat.1

In 1961 researchers took specimens from the pool despite local advice, and the laboratories of the Hawaiian Institute of Marine Biology on Coconut Island were destroyed by fire on that same day.1

Palythoa toxica is the species in which palytoxin was first discovered and first isolated.1

Unlike a related species, P. toxica is equally toxic all year round rather than changing with the seasons.1

Palytoxin has also been found in other Palythoa species, some algae, and certain crabs and fish, and it has been suggested that a dinoflagellate in the genus Ostreopsis produces the toxin.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Palythoa toxica
Iqela: Ezinye izilwanyana ezityhefayo
Usapho: Sphenopidae2
Ucwangco: Zoantharia
Amazwekazi: uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, uLwandle lweCoral, uLwandle lwePhilippines, uLwandle lwaseMzantsi China, Iilwandlekazi
Ingozi ebantwini: 4 / 5: Siyingozi kakhulu3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Palythoa toxica (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Palythoa toxica (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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