第 0420 號，共 1 402 號

Eyelash viper

Bothriechis schlegelii

名字的由來： Its common name comes from the eyelash-like scales above its eyes, and its scientific name honours Hermann Schlegel, a German ornithologist and herpetologist.1

可能致命不治療的話可能會害死你。如果牠咬了你，要趕快求救。

蝮蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

The eyelash viper is a small, tree-living pitviper that lives mainly in the highlands of Colombia. It is named after the eyelash-like scales above its eyes. Its venom can cause serious harm, so it is important to recognise it and keep well away.1

分布在

Colombia, mainly in highland regions1

北美洲, 南美洲

首頁

It lives mostly in trees and is adapted to an almost completely tree-living life. It can be found in secondary forests and in coffee and banana plantations.1

長度

55 cm 到 82 cm (1,8 ft 到 2,7 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,4 km/h（2,1 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats small tree-dwelling animals, including rodents, bats, frogs, hummingbirds, lizards and occasionally fish. It waits in ambush for prey to pass by, and young snakes sometimes wriggle their tail like a worm to lure frogs or lizards within striking range.1

Eyelash viper 的照片 — Eyelash viper。照片：Alejandro Arteaga, R. Alexander Pyron, Abel Batista, Jose Vieira, Elson Meneses Pelayo, Eric N. Smith, César L. Barrio Amorós, Claudia Koch, Stefanie Agne, Jorg。 CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Modified scales above the eyes that look like eyelashes1
Strongly keeled, or raised, scales covering most of the body1
Wide, triangular head with vertical pupils1
Occurs in a wide range of colours and colour forms (morphs)1
Adults are about 55 to 82 cm long1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom contains several components that damage tissue, cause swelling and disturb blood clotting. A bite typically causes pain, swelling and bruising at the bite site, and sometimes blisters or local tissue death. Some reports describe rapid local tissue damage followed by clotting problems and acute kidney failure.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

The snake is not known to be aggressive towards people and tends to avoid creatures larger than itself, but it will strike if repeatedly harassed. Some studies of venom from northern Colombia reported serious effects, including kidney failure.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

It is not known to be aggressive and tends to avoid larger creatures, but it will strike if repeatedly harassed.1

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 1,5 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 5 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 110 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Eyelash viper 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Eyelash viper 大約 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Males perform a courtship ritual called the 'dance of the adders', in which two males rise up in a cobra-like stance and push against each other until one is pushed away or falls.1

Its strike accuracy improves with practice, according to studies of individuals over time.1

Some individuals return to the same ambush sites each year, timing their visits to the spring bird migration.1

Its eyelash-like scales may help it hide by breaking up its outline among the leaves where it rests.1

破解迷思

迷思： After a bite, the snake winks its eyelashes at the victim, as some local folktales describe.

真相： No snake can do this. Snakes have no true eyelids and cannot close their eyes. Most reptiles have a thin, membrane-like eyelid that acts as a shield, mainly when resting.1

給毒液專家

學名: Bothriechis schlegelii
類群: 蝮蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 北美洲, 南美洲
寶寶: It gives birth to live young rather than laying eggs, with females carrying the eggs for around six months. A typical brood has 2 to 20 young, each 15 to 20 cm long.1
牠在野外的狀況: Least Concern (IUCN Red List, 2013)1
對人的危險: 4 / 5: 非常危險3