第 1253 號，共 1 402 號

Largespot river stingray

Potamotrygon falkneri

名字的由來： Potamotrygon comes from the Greek words for 'river' and 'sting ray'. The species name honours Tomas Falkner, a British Jesuit priest who did scientific work in Argentina in the 1700s.1

需要看醫生很少致命，但被螫了需要看醫生。

有毒液的魚

螫

對人的危險: 嚴重被螫了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

The largespot river stingray is a freshwater stingray with a flat, round body covered in dense spots. It lives in the rivers of tropical and subtropical South America, mainly the Paraná-Paraguay river basin and parts of the upper Amazon. It is sometimes kept in aquariums, but it needs a very large tank.1

分布在

Tropical and subtropical South America: the Paraná-Paraguay basin (southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, northeastern Argentina) and the upper Amazon Basin (Bolivia, eastern Peru, western Brazil)1

南美洲

首頁

It lives in freshwater rivers. It is sometimes seen in the aquarium trade, where it needs a very large tank.1

長度

89 cm (2,9 ft)1

最高速度

大約 16 km/h（9,9 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

Largespot river stingray 的照片 — Largespot river stingray。照片：Donald Davesne。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

It is densely spotted on its upper side.1
The exact colour and pattern vary a lot between individuals, and many intermediate patterns exist.1
The disc (the flat body) reaches a width of up to 52 cm.1
Its total length, including the tail, reaches up to 89 cm.1

常被誤認為： The so-called 'tiger stingray' has often been mistaken for this species. It is a separate species, P. tigrina, which was only scientifically described in 2011.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被螫了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

如果牠螫人

把傷口泡在熱水裡，水溫要在傷者能忍受、又不會燙傷的範圍內（先用你自己的手試水溫），泡 30 到 90 分鐘。要就醫，特別是被石頭魚和魟魚刺傷時。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 5 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 11 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Largespot river stingray 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

Largespot river stingray 大約 16 km/h (9,9 mph)

全速前進的海豚 大約 35 km/h (22 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Its natural range was once cut off from the upper Paraná basin by the Guaíra Falls. After the Itaipu Dam was built, the falls disappeared, which let this species and several others spread into that area.1

Its spotted pattern is so variable that one pattern was once described as a separate species, P. castexi, and another as P. menchacai. All of these are now treated as variants of this species.1

It is sometimes kept in aquariums, but it needs a very large tank because of its size.1

破解迷思

迷思： The 'tiger stingray' is the same animal as the largespot river stingray.

真相： The tiger stingray is a separate species, P. tigrina, which was only scientifically described in 2011. It was earlier mistaken for P. menchacai, which is a name for this species.1