第 0821 號，共 1 402 號

Northeastern Brazilian scorpion

Tityus stigmurus

需要看醫生很少致命，但被螫了需要看醫生。

螫吃：昆蟲

The Northeastern Brazilian scorpion is a venomous scorpion that lives in northeastern Brazil. It is golden-tan or yellowish-brown and grows to about the length of a finger. Its sting can cause serious symptoms, so it should be left alone.1

分布在

Predominantly northeastern Brazil, especially the Caatinga region, and a number of other Brazilian states1

南美洲

首頁

Mainly found in the Caatinga region of northeastern Brazil.1

長度

4,5 cm 到 6 cm (1,8 in 到 2,4 in)1

最高速度

大約 1,4 km/h（0,87 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

In captivity it is fed on cockroaches and crickets. Cockroaches are easy prey because they do not hide, so the scorpion can catch them easily.1

Northeastern Brazilian scorpion 的照片 — Northeastern Brazilian scorpion。照片：Jean Martins。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Golden-tan or yellowish-brown body colour1
A dark stripe running over the mesosoma (the main body section behind the head)1
Yellowish or orange pedipalps (the claw-like feelers at the front)1
Adults measure 4.5 to 6 cm in length1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The venom contains the neurotoxins Tst1 and Tst26, which act on the nerves. Lab tests on mice give an LD50 of 0.575 mg/kg, a measure of how strong a venom is, which is significant. Reported symptoms include local pain, numbness, swelling, burning and itching, plus sweating, headache, vomiting, nausea, tremors, agitation, dizziness, low blood pressure and difficulty breathing.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被螫了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

A study in Bahia state, Brazil, recorded 237 people stung by this species between January 1982 and December 1995. Symptoms were recorded for only 90 of them, so the full picture is unclear.1

如果牠螫人

Put an ice pack on the sting to cool it. Go to hospital and ask to be checked for serious complications such as acute kidney injury and pancreatitis. Venom extraction kits were tested and found not to work; they can cause more damage to the wound because of the suction.1
用冰敷袋冰敷螫傷處，讓傷者保持不動。趕快就醫，特別是小朋友：有些蠍子對小孩是致命的。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 260 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Northeastern Brazilian scorpion 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Northeastern Brazilian scorpion 大約 1,4 km/h (0,87 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Females can reproduce without a male, a process called facultative parthenogenesis.1

It does not need to drink water, because it gets moisture from its prey.1

Its venom contains two neurotoxins, Tst1 and Tst26, which affect the nerves.1

Females can have as many as 16 young in one brood, with an average of 8.1

It takes about a year for this scorpion to mature into an adult, which makes it a fast-growing species.1

給毒液專家

學名: Tityus stigmurus
類群: 蠍子
家人: Buthidae2
排序: Scorpiones
各大洲: 南美洲
寶寶: Females give birth to live young, usually 2 to 16 at a time, with an average of 8. Pregnancy typically lasts about 3 months, and can be as long as 4 to 5 months.1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3