第 0684 號，共 1 402 號

Tarantula wolf spider

Lycosa tarantula

名字的由來： It gets its name from the city of Taranto in Italy, which is near where it is found.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

蜘蛛

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Lycosa tarantula is a large wolf spider that lives mainly in southern Europe, especially in the Apulia region of Italy. It was once called the tarantula, and it gives that name to a famous old folk dance. It hunts at night and tends to keep away from people.1

分布在

Southern Europe, especially the Apulia region of Italy and near the city of Taranto; also recorded in France1

歐洲

首頁

It lives in burrows that it digs itself. Females stay in their burrows for their whole lives, waiting at the entrance at night for prey. Young spiders dig their own burrows after they leave their mother.1

長度

1,9 cm 到 3 cm (0,7 in 到 1,2 in)1

最高速度

大約 1,3 km/h（0,81 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It leaves its burrow at night to catch prey. Females wait at the burrow mouth and make nocturnal trips to capture prey.1

Tarantula wolf spider 的照片 — Tarantula wolf spider。照片：Benjamin Carbuccia。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

A large wolf spider. Females can have a body length of up to 3 cm, and males are smaller, at around 1.9 cm.1
Mostly active at night.1
Usually found lurking at the mouths of its burrows.1
Runs very fast and keeps moving, so it is hard to catch.1

常被誤認為： It is often called a tarantula, but in English that name now more commonly refers to spiders in the Theraphosidae family. This spider is a wolf spider, in the Lycosidae family.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom is made mostly of neurotoxins, which act on the nerves, and venom proteins. The venom is not known to be harmful to people. It has been observed to harm some small vertebrates, so careful handling matters.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Its bite is not known to cause severe symptoms in humans, and it is not known to endanger human life. Wolf spiders are not among the spider families recognised as posing a serious health risk to people.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When cornered, it does not make threat displays or advance on a hand to bite. Its usual response to a large animal is to flee.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長可以在 280 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Tarantula wolf spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Tarantula wolf spider 大約 1,3 km/h (0,81 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Many mating encounters, about one-third in one study, end with the female eating the male.1

The folk dance called the tarantella is linked to an old belief about this spider's bite.1

Females spend their whole lives in their burrows, apart from night-time trips to hunt.1

Wolf spiders have quite good eyesight, so a person is unlikely to approach one unseen.1

Mature males leave their burrows and wander about looking for mates.1

破解迷思

迷思： A bite from this spider can cause severe illness called tarantism, which must be treated by dancing.

真相： This was a traditional superstition in Apulia. The bites are not known to cause severe symptoms in humans or to endanger life.1

給毒液專家

學名: Lycosa tarantula
類群: 蜘蛛
家人: Lycosidae2
排序: Araneae
各大洲: 歐洲
寶寶: Females carry a silken sac with over 100 eggs attached to their spinnerets. After hatching, the spiderlings climb onto their mother's abdomen and ride around with her until they are mature enough to survive on their own.1
壽命: 大約 4 年1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3