第 0520 号，共 1 402 张

Mojave rattlesnake

Crotalus scutulatus

名字的由来： The name comes from the Mojave Desert, although little of the snake's range lies inside that desert.1

可致命不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它咬了你，赶快求助。

和别的响尾蛇完全不一样：它有神经毒素，而且不肯退让。咬伤看起来可能很小，呼吸问题却可能几小时后才出现。一定要去医院，即使咬伤看起来很轻。

响尾蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The Mojave rattlesnake is a venomous pit viper that lives in the deserts of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Its venom is among the most studied of any rattlesnake, and it varies a lot from one population to another. Knowing how to recognise it helps people in its range stay safe.1

生活在

Southwestern USA (California, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Texas) and mainland Mexico, including Sonora and Chihuahua1

北美洲

首页

It lives in broad desert valleys and lower mountain slopes, usually in sparse vegetation such as creosote, mesquite, cacti and Joshua trees. It avoids dense plant cover and very rocky ground. In hot weather and in winter it shelters in burrows dug by rodents, tortoises and kit foxes.1

长度

1.2 m (4.1 ft)1

最高速度

约 3.7 公里/小时（2.3 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It is an ambush predator, waiting for prey and then striking. It mostly eats small rodents and lizards.1

Mojave rattlesnake的照片 — Mojave rattlesnake。照片：Lvthn13 at English Wikipedia (Original text: Self-Created)。 Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Has a row of large diamond-shaped blotches along the back, without the dark speckling found on the Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake.1
The diamonds usually lack the white edges seen on most Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnakes.1
The tail has pale and dark rings, and the dark rings are often narrower than the pale ones.1
The rattle is usually yellow and black, or entirely yellow.1
Its back colour ranges from green to brown, grey or yellowish, so colour alone is not a reliable guide.1

常被误认为： It closely resembles the Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake, which lives in the same areas. The Mojave rattlesnake has no dark speckling on its back, usually lacks white edges on the diamonds, has a facial stripe that bends toward the neck rather than meeting the mouth, and usually has a yellow or bicoloured rattle rather than a black one. No single trait reliably separates the two.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom comes in two main types. Venom A contains Mojave toxin, a neurotoxic venom that attacks the nerves and can cause delayed respiratory paralysis, meaning the muscles used for breathing fail, with little or no local tissue damage. Venom B has no Mojave toxin and instead contains tissue-destroying enzymes called metalloproteinases.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

For decades this snake has been described as one of the deadliest rattlesnakes, and some sources call it the most dangerous snake in the United States. The danger depends on the population, because the neurotoxic venom is not found everywhere in its range. Some animals in between produce a mix of both venom types.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It is shy and tends to avoid confrontation, but it will strike and bite vigorously when disturbed, especially if surprised or if there is no nearby vegetation or burrow to escape into.1

如果它咬人

让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 2.5 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 7 根香蕉首尾相接一样长97 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Mojave rattlesnake和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Mojave rattlesnake 约 3.7 公里/小时 (2.3 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

Its venom varies so much between populations that one area was found where the venom is much less lethal to laboratory mice than elsewhere in its range.1

Males can grow to a maximum of about 124 cm, making them larger than females.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Every Mojave rattlesnake bite is extraordinarily deadly.

真相： The reputation for deadliness comes mainly from the neurotoxic venom, which is found in most populations but not all. Venom from some populations is non-neurotoxic and mainly destroys tissue.1

给毒液专家

学名: Crotalus scutulatus
类别: 响尾蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 北美洲
宝宝: It bears live young, usually between 2 and 17 (average about eight), from July through September.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least Concern (IUCN Red List)1
对人的危险: 4 / 5: 非常危险3