第 0521 号，共 1 402 张

Prairie rattlesnake

Crotalus viridis

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

咬伤吃：肉

The prairie rattlesnake is a venomous pit viper that lives across the Great Plains and the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. It is found in the western United States, southwestern Canada and northern Mexico. It shakes its tail to give a rattling warning when it feels threatened.1

生活在

Western United States, southwestern Canada and northern Mexico, mainly across the Great Plains1

北美洲

首页

Prairie rattlesnakes prefer dry areas with moderate vegetation. Many live in rocky areas with outcrops that serve as den sites. They also use the burrows of other animals and sometimes rest in crevices or caves.1

长度

1.5 m (5 ft)1

最高速度

约 3.7 公里/小时（2.3 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

Prairie rattlesnakes mostly eat small mammals, such as ground squirrels, mice, rats, small rabbits and prairie dogs. They also sometimes eat ground-nesting birds, amphibians, reptiles and other snakes, especially juveniles.1

Prairie rattlesnake的照片 — Prairie rattlesnake。照片：Patrick Alexander from Las Cruces, NM。 CC0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Usually lightly coloured in shades of brown, with patches of dark brown along the back1
A colour band may be seen at the back of the eye1
A triangle-shaped head with pit sensory organs on either side1
Usually four internasal scales on the snout, with three or more in total1
Commonly grows to more than 100 cm long1

常被误认为： Other rattlesnakes can look similar. A key difference is that two internasal scales touch the rostral scale, at the tip of the snout, in the prairie rattlesnake.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The venom is a complex mixture of proteins, including enzymes such as proteases and peptidases. It is hemotoxic, meaning it damages blood and destroys tissue. It also has neurotoxic properties, meaning it attacks the nerves.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The species has powerful venom and uses about 20 to 55% of its venom in one bite. It will defend itself if it is threatened or injured.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It rapidly vibrates its tail to make a rasping rattle that warns intruders, and it will defend itself if threatened or injured.1

如果它咬人

让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 3 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 8 根香蕉首尾相接一样长97 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Prairie rattlesnake和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Prairie rattlesnake 约 3.7 公里/小时 (2.3 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

Females often gather in communal dens to give birth and care for their young. Some females even look after unrelated young while the mothers take a break.1

Newborn snakelets measure 22 to 28 cm and are venomous from the moment they are born.1

Prairie rattlesnakes prefer a straight migration path, even in areas dominated by humans, because it gives them a better chance of survival.1

In Montana, the species reaches its largest size, with specimens sometimes exceeding 120 cm.1

In Canada, the species is listed as a species of special concern because its numbers have steadily declined since the 1930s.1

给毒液专家

学名: Crotalus viridis
类别: 响尾蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 北美洲
宝宝: It gives birth to one to 25 live young per litter, typically four to 12, in late summer or early fall.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least concern on the IUCN Red List. It is listed as endangered in Iowa and as a species of special concern in Canada.1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3