第 0528 号，共 1 402 张

Tiger rattlesnake

Crotalus tigris

名字的由来： The Latin name tigris means 'tiger', because its many narrow crossbands look like vertical stripes when seen from the side.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

响尾蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The tiger rattlesnake is a small rattlesnake with a very venomous bite. It lives in the deserts and rocky hills of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Its venom is among the most toxic of any rattlesnake, so it is important to recognise it and give the right first aid after a bite.1

生活在

Southwestern United States (central and south-central Arizona) and northwestern Mexico (southern Sonora)1

北美洲

首页

It lives in rocky desert canyons, foothills and bajadas (gently sloping areas at the base of mountains), and it can be found from sea level up to about 1,465 m. In southeastern Arizona it stays in rocky areas in winter and spring, and in summer it uses the edges of dry stream channels. It is mostly ground-dwelling but may climb into low vegetation.1

长度

46 cm到91 cm (1.5 ft到3 ft)1

体重

454 g (1 lb)1

最高速度

约 3.5 公里/小时（2.2 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It mainly eats rodents and also eats lizards. It ambushes much of its prey and also actively hunts small rodents and lizards. Young snakes rely more on lizards, and adults depend more on rodents. It can also eat fairly large prey, such as pocket mice, kangaroo rats, deer mice, packrats and spiny lizards.1

Tiger rattlesnake的照片 — Tiger rattlesnake。照片：Ltshears。 CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

It has a small, spade-shaped head. It is the smallest head of any rattlesnake, and it is about 1/25 of its total body length.1
It has 35 to 52 narrow gray, olive or brown crossbands along the back. These are the only crossbands on the front part of a rattlesnake's body, and they can look like vertical stripes from the side.1
The ground colour is gray, lavender, blue-gray, pink or buff, and it often turns pink, pale orange or cream on the sides.1
A dark cheek strip is the most distinct mark on the head.1
It has a large rattle.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom contains a myotoxin, which damages muscle tissue and can cause muscle necrosis (death of muscle cells). It also contains a neurotoxin, which attacks the nerves and is similar to Mojave toxin. In recorded human bites, there was little local pain or swelling, and no significant whole-body (systemic) symptoms.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

Human bites by this snake are infrequent, and few cases have been recorded. Its venom is very toxic, but its low venom yield and short fangs probably prevent severe envenoming in adults. The clinical picture could be much more serious for children or for people of slight build.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

它害怕时会做什么？

If disturbed, it rapidly shakes its rattle and may strike in defence, and it has an irascible (easily angered) temperament.1

如果它咬人

Early use of antivenom is important if significant envenoming is suspected. Get medical help straight away after any bite, even if the bite seems mild.1
让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 4 根香蕉一样重

和 2 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 5 根香蕉首尾相接一样长100 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Tiger rattlesnake和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Tiger rattlesnake 约 3.5 公里/小时 (2.2 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

Its venom yield is small, but its toxicity is considered second highest of all rattlesnake venoms, after the Mojave rattlesnake.1

It has the smallest head of any rattlesnake, which helps it reach into small crevices to pull out prey that has crawled into them.1

Although it is a ground-dweller, it swims readily and has been found in bushes about 60 cm above the ground.1

Rattlesnake venom is used in biomedical research into neurological diseases.1

It is nocturnal during the hot summer, but becomes active during the day and at dusk in the autumn.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Its small head and short fangs mean its bite is harmless.

真相： Its venom is very toxic. Its small size and low venom yield probably prevent severe harm in adults, but children and slightly built people could be seriously affected.1

给毒液专家

学名: Crotalus tigris
类别: 响尾蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 北美洲
宝宝: It gives birth to live young, with an average litter of five. The young develop inside eggs in a thin sac in the mother's body, and they are well developed at birth.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least Concern1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3