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Chithunzi chojambula cha Toxic zoanthid
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Toxic zoanthid

Palythoa toxica
Za dzinali: Its Hawaiian name, limu-make-o-Hana, means 'seaweed of death from Hana', after the Hana district of Maui where it was first found.1
Ingathe kuphaUsakhudzeIngathe kupha ngati palibe chithandizo. Munthu akaikhudza kapena kuidya, peza thandizo mwachangu.
Nyama zina za poizoni Poizoni pakhungu lakeYa poizoni, si yaululu
Ngozi kwa anthu: Yoopsa kwambiriIngathe kupha munthu amene sanalandire chithandizo.

Palythoa toxica is a small, crust-like sea animal, called a zoanthid, that grows on rocks. It lives in Hawaii and is special because it is the species from which the very poisonous substance palytoxin was first discovered and isolated.1

Ya poizoni kapena yaululu? Nyama zaululu zimabaya ululu poluma kapena polasa. Nyama za poizoni ndi zoopsa kuzikhudza kapena kuzidya. Iyi ndi ya poizoni.
Imakhala ku
Native to Hawaii; has been found sporadically throughout the state, first discovered on Maui1
Nyanja ya Pacific, Nyanja ya Indian, Nyanja ya Coral, Nyanja ya Philippine, Nyanja ya South China
Kunyumba
It was first found in a shallow rock pool about 25 cm deep that received fresh water when heavy rain fell, so it can live in water of changing salt levels. It has also been sold to keepers of reef aquariums, where people have been poisoned by handling it carelessly.1
Kutalika
1,5 cm (0,6 in)3
kukula wamba kwa nyama yaikulu
Liwiro lapamwamba
pafupifupi 0,5 km/h (0,31 mph)
Kusambira, kuyerekeza chabe
Zoona!Chithunzi cha Toxic zoanthid
Toxic zoanthid. Chithunzi: [1]. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Mmene ungaizindikirire

  • It grows as a flat, encrusting layer over rock.1
  • It has a firm, tough outer covering.1
  • Its polyps are partly sunk into a cushiony mat that spreads across the rock and contains sand grains and bits of debris.1
  • Each polyp has a broad mouth disc with a fringe of tentacles.1
  • Its colour varies but is usually cream, grey or pale brown.1

Mphamvu ya poizoni

Poizoni pakhungu lake

Khungu lake lili ndi poizoni. Ndi yoopsa kuikhudza, kuinyambita kapena kuidya.

Poizoni wake umachita chiyani?

It is not venomous in the sense of injecting venom with a bite or sting. It contains palytoxin, one of the most poisonous substances known.1

Ndi yoopsa bwanji kwa anthu?

Ngozi kwa anthu: Yoopsa kwambiriIngathe kupha munthu amene sanalandire chithandizo.

Palytoxin is one of the most poisonous substances known, and people have been poisoned by handling this animal in reef aquariums.1

Ngati munthu waikhudza kapena waidya

  • Ngati munthu waidya kapena ali ndi zizindikiro ataidya: imbira nambala yadzidzidzi kapena malo othandiza pa za poizoni (poison centre) nthawi yomweyo.

Nthawi zonse yamba wayimbira nambala yadzidzidzi (112, 000, 911). Awa ndi malangizo wamba a chithandizo choyamba, osati malangizo a dokotala. Zoyambira za chithandizo choyamba

Khala wotetezeka

  • Usakhudze, kugwira kapena kuseweretsa nyama yakuthengo, ngakhale yaing'ono, ndipo ngakhale ikuoneka ngati yagona kapena yafa.
  • Ipatse malo. Ukakumana nayo, khala chete, bwerera m'mbuyo pang'onopang'ono ndipo uilole ipite njira yake.
  • Ngati unaikhudza kapena kuidya: usasisite maso kapena pakamwa, sambitsa m'manja ndipo peza thandizo la dokotala.

Sikufuna kukuvulaza. Poizoni wake ulipo kuti pasapezeke choidya. Zambiri za kukhala wotetezeka

Kuti padziko lapansi?

AfricaAsiaUlayaAmereka ya KumpotoAmereka ya KumweraAustralia ndi OceaniaNyanja ya PacificNyanja ya IndianNyanja ya CoralNyanja ya South ChinaNyanja ya Philippine

Ndi yaikulu bwanji?

Ndi yaitali bwanji?

Toxic zoanthid yaitali pafupifupi 1,5 cm (0,6 in)Njere ya mpunga pafupifupi 7 mm (0,3 in)Ndalama yachitsulo ya 1 euro pafupifupi 2,3 cm (0,9 in)
yaifupi kuposa chala chako chaching'ono

Toxic zoanthid ndi yaikulu bwanji poyerekeza ndi IWE?

Ndi masamu chabe mu msakatuli wako. Palibe chomwe chimasungidwa kapena kutumizidwa kwina.

Imathamanga bwanji?

zoyenera kudziwa

Mfundo

1

Early Hawaiians used this animal to poison the tips of their weapons, and a legend says warriors could break a taboo and dip their spear tips into its pool when under severe threat.1

2

In 1961 researchers took specimens from the pool despite local advice, and the laboratories of the Hawaiian Institute of Marine Biology on Coconut Island were destroyed by fire on that same day.1

3

Palythoa toxica is the species in which palytoxin was first discovered and first isolated.1

4

Unlike a related species, P. toxica is equally toxic all year round rather than changing with the seasons.1

5

Palytoxin has also been found in other Palythoa species, some algae, and certain crabs and fish, and it has been suggested that a dinoflagellate in the genus Ostreopsis produces the toxin.1

Za akatswiri a ululu

Dzina la sayansi
Palythoa toxica
Gulu
Nyama zina za poizoni
Banja
Sphenopidae2
Dongosolo
Zoantharia
Makontinenti
Nyanja ya Pacific, Nyanja ya Indian, Nyanja ya Coral, Nyanja ya Philippine, Nyanja ya South China, Nyanja zikuluzikulu
Ngozi kwa anthu
4 / 5: Yoopsa kwambiri3

Kumene mfundo zimachokera

  1. Palythoa toxica (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Palythoa toxica (iNaturalist): mayina ndi magulu a sayansi.
  3. Venom Wiki: mlingo wa ngozi, kukula wamba ndi kuyerekeza kwa liwiro ndi zathu. Ona mmene timazipezera: Mmene timayezera ngozi.

Mfundo iliyonse patsamba lino ili ndi nambala yosonyeza kochokera. Ngati talakwitsa, pepani, ndife okonda nyama, osati magazini a sayansi. Tiuze pa [email protected] ndipo tikonza.

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