第 0672 號，共 1 402 號

Chilean six-eyed sand spider

Sicarius thomisoides

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

咬吃：肉

The Chilean six-eyed sand spider is a small spider that lives in the deserts of northern and central Chile. It hides under rocks and comes out at night. Its venom has effects similar to those of the Chilean recluse spider, which is why it matters to people who live nearby.1

分布在

Desert areas of northern and central Chile1

南美洲

首頁

It builds shelters under rocks on sandy ground in northern Chile. It is extremely common in cities and towns with lots of household waste, so people may meet it around homes.1

長度

1,2 cm 到 2 cm (0,5 in 到 0,8 in)1

最高速度

大約 1,1 km/h（0,68 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It feeds on insects, scorpions and other spiders. In 2020 one was recorded preying on a gecko about 28 mm long, feeding on the fluids of the lizard's digested body.1

Chilean six-eyed sand spider 的照片 — Chilean six-eyed sand spider。照片：Asiel Olivares。 CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Body length of 12 to 20 mm1
Active at night, with nocturnal habits1
Shelters under rocks on sandy ground1
Very common in urban areas with household waste1

常被誤認為： Older records under the name Sicarius terrosus may actually describe other species, such as Sicarius levii. Names in older books can therefore be unreliable.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom contains an enzyme called sphingomyelinase D, which has effects similar to those of the Chilean recluse spider. In laboratory tests the venom broke down red blood cells (haemolysis) and damaged skin cells, and 50 μg was enough to cause dermonecrosis, or the death of skin tissue. The venom also broke down fibrinogen, a protein needed for blood to clot.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Laboratory work shows that the venom can damage human tissue. Adult spiders carry up to eight times the amount of venom tested, so bites from adults could cause more serious lesions.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長可以在 330 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Chilean six-eyed sand spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Chilean six-eyed sand spider 大約 1,1 km/h (0,68 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

In 2020 a 20 mm spider was recorded preying on a 28 mm gecko, which is larger than the spider itself.1

Its venom breaks down fibrinogen, a clotting protein, faster than the venom of the Loxosceles species it was compared with.1

Scientists found that 50 μg of its venom was enough to cause dermonecrosis in laboratory tests.1

It is extremely common in Chilean cities where household waste is plentiful.1

破解迷思

迷思： The species is known as Sicarius terrosus.

真相： The correct name is Sicarius thomisoides. The name terrosus was used for this species for a long time, but it was often used wrongly for other species too.1