European green toad
The European green toad is a true toad that lives across much of mainland Europe, from eastern France and Denmark to the Balkans, European Russia and the Caucasus. It can live in steppes, mountains, semi-deserts and towns. Its skin releases toxins that can kill most of the animals that try to eat it.1

怎麼認出牠
- The spots on its back vary from green to dark brown, and sometimes red spots appear.1
- Its underside is white or very lightly coloured.1
- It changes colour in response to heat and light.1
- It can reach a maximum head and body length of 10 cm, but this size is rare.1
- It is mainly active at night, though it is sometimes active by day, especially in spring.1
毒素力量
牠的皮膚有毒。碰、舔或吃牠都很危險。
牠的毒素有什麼作用?
It has no venom that it injects. Its parotoid glands secrete defensive toxins that are strong enough to kill most of its predators.1
牠對人有多危險?
對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。The toxins are harmless to humans when they touch the skin.1
牠害怕時會做什麼?
When threatened, it secretes toxins from its parotoid glands.1
如果有人碰了或吃了牠
- 如果有人碰了牠:把手徹底洗乾淨,不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果小孩或寵物舔了或吃了牠:打給毒物諮詢中心或打緊急電話。
一定要先打緊急電話(112、000、911)。這是一般急救指引,不是醫療建議。 急救基本知識
注意安全
- 絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物,就算是很小的動物,就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
- 給牠空間。如果遇到了,保持冷靜,慢慢往後退,讓牠自己離開。
- 如果你碰了或吃了牠:不要揉眼睛或摸嘴巴,把手洗乾淨,並且就醫。
牠不是想來抓你。牠的毒只是為了不讓別的動物吃掉牠。 更多安全知識
牠有多大?
牠有多長?
跟 3 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長
可以在 180 秒內跑完 100 公尺(最快的人類需要 9.6 秒)European green toad 跟「你」比起來有多大?
只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存,也不會傳送到任何地方。
牠有多快?
小知識
知識的出處
- European green toad (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
- Bufotes viridis (iNaturalist): 名稱和分類。
- Venom Wiki: 危險等級、一般大小和速度估計都是我們自己定的。看看我們是怎麼算出來的: 我們怎麼評估危險.
這一頁的每個知識都有一個數字,指向它的出處。如果我們寫錯了,對不起,我們是動物迷,不是科學期刊。寫信到 [email protected] 告訴我們,我們會修正。
皮膚裡有毒

