第 1342 號，共 1 402 號

Natterjack toad

Epidalea calamita

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

皮膚裡有毒吃：昆蟲有毒（碰或吃會中毒），不是有毒液

The natterjack toad is a toad that lives on sandy ground and heathland in Europe. It is easy to tell apart from other toads by the yellow line down its back, and it is known for its very loud mating call. In Ireland, it is the only native toad.1

有毒還是有毒液？有毒液的動物會用咬或螫把毒液注入身體。有毒的動物則是碰到或吃下去會有害。這種動物是有毒的（碰或吃會中毒）。

分布在

Native to sandy and heathland areas across 17 European countries; in the UK mostly on coasts, and in Ireland in Kerry and Wexford.1

歐洲

首頁

Sandy and heathland areas, and open ground with sparse vegetation. In the UK it is now almost completely confined to coastal sites, including sand dunes. In southern mainland Europe it lives inland in a variety of habitats.1

長度

6 cm 到 7 cm (2,4 in 到 2,8 in)1

最高速度

大約 2 km/h（1,2 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It feeds mainly on insects, especially beetles. At night it moves across open ground to find food.1

Natterjack toad 的照片 — Natterjack toad。照片：Gilles San Martin。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

A yellow line runs down the middle of the back.1
Parallel paratoid glands (the raised glands behind the eyes) are a key feature.1
Adults are 60 to 70 mm long.1
Short legs give it a distinctive walk, unlike the hopping of many other toads.1
Males have a single vocal sac under the chin that amplifies a very loud, distinctive call.1

常被誤認為： It is often confused with common toads. Natterjacks are told apart by the yellow line down the back and the parallel paratoid glands.1

毒素力量

皮膚裡有毒

牠的皮膚有毒。碰、舔或吃牠都很危險。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

如果有人碰了或吃了牠

如果有人碰了牠：把手徹底洗乾淨，不要碰眼睛或嘴巴。如果小孩或寵物舔了或吃了牠：打給毒物諮詢中心或打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果你碰了或吃了牠：不要揉眼睛或摸嘴巴，把手洗乾淨，並且就醫。

牠不是想來抓你。牠的毒只是為了不讓別的動物吃掉牠。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 180 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Natterjack toad 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Natterjack toad 大約 2 km/h (1,2 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Their loud mating calls matter because the toads are often present in low numbers, helping the sexes find each other.1

Natterjacks can live for up to 15 years.1

Natterjacks can only spawn in pools with a very slightly sloping bottom and sparse vegetation.1

They spread their breeding over a long summer period, so some young survive if temporary pools dry out.1

Some females spawn twice in one year.1

給毒液專家

學名: Epidalea calamita
類群: 箭毒蛙、蟾蜍和蠑螈
家人: Bufonidae2
排序: Anura
各大洲: 歐洲
寶寶: It spawns from the end of April to July, laying strings of eggs in shallow, warm pools.1
壽命: 大約 15 年1
牠在野外的狀況: Endangered in Ireland1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微3