第 0721 號，共 1 402 號

Giant house spider

Eratigena atrica

名字的由來： The species name atrica means 'from the atrium', which may refer to a greenhouse where the first specimen was found or to its habit of living in houses.1

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

蜘蛛

咬

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

The giant house spider is a large, brown spider that often lives indoors, especially in Europe, where it is native. It is also found in parts of North America, where it was introduced. Its bite is not considered dangerous to people or pets.1

分布在

Native to Europe. Introduced to North America, including British Columbia, Montana, Quebec, Newfoundland and Nova Scotia.1

歐洲

首頁

Giant house spiders often live in buildings. They favour hidden spots such as behind crates, around windows and under furniture.1

長度

1,9 cm (0,7 in)1

最高速度

大約 1,9 km/h（1,2 mph）

在陸地上: 曾經是最快蜘蛛的紀錄保持者

Giant house spider 的照片 — Giant house spider。照片：Ludivine Lamare。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Mainly dark-brown body, in earthy tones of brown and muddy-red or yellow.1
A lighter arrow-shaped marking on the front part of the body (the sternum), with three light spots on each side.1
A lighter middle line on the abdomen, with six light spots on each side.1
Conspicuously hairy legs, palps and abdomen.1
Females reach up to 18.5 mm in body length. Males are slightly smaller, at around 12 to 15 mm. Males have larger palps and a slimmer abdomen than females.1

常被誤認為： The giant house spider has the same colouring as the domestic house spider, Tegenaria domestica. The two closest relatives, E. duellica and E. saeva, look the same as E. atrica. The three species can only be separated by microscopic measurements of the body parts.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

Bites are not considered dangerous to humans or pets.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短可以在 190 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Giant house spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Giant house spider 大約 1,9 km/h (1,2 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The eyes are all the same size and sit in two rows. They contain few visual cells, so the spider can probably only tell light from dark.1

Until 2018, the giant house spider was treated as one species. Research then showed three separate species, which can only be told apart under a microscope.1

Males wander while searching for females during mating season, which runs from late summer into autumn. This is when they are most often noticed.1

Males have no Y chromosome. Males carry X1 and X2, and females carry two pairs of X chromosomes. This form of sex determination is the most common in spiders and is probably the ancestral form.1