第 0493 號，共 1 402 號

Large-scaled pit viper

Craspedocephalus macrolepis

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

咬吃：肉

The large-scaled pit viper is a venomous snake that lives only in the southern Western Ghats mountains of South India. It is a bright green tree-dweller that hunts at night from high, cool forest. Tea pickers meet it often, which is why it matters to people who work on those plantations.1

分布在

Mountains of the southern Western Ghats, Kerala and Tamil Nadu states, South India1

亞洲

首頁

It is a slow-moving, nocturnal snake that prefers rainforest. It is also found in tea, coffee and cardamom plantations, where tea pickers are frequently bitten.1

長度

68 cm (2,2 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,4 km/h（2,1 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It feeds mainly on frogs, lizards, small birds and rodents. It is an ambush hunter that relies on camouflage to catch prey, and uses heat-sensing pits on its face to find warm-blooded animals.1

Large-scaled pit viper 的照片 — Large-scaled pit viper。照片：Uaijth。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Bright green on the back, sometimes with blackish skin between the scales1
A yellow or white stripe runs along each side of the body1
Pale green upper lips, and sometimes a black streak behind the eye1
Large, keeled, overlapping scales in 12 to 15 rows at the middle of the body1
Often active at night, moving through trees and on the ground with a prehensile tail that grips branches1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom is presumed to be hemotoxic, meaning it is thought to act on the blood. This has not been studied thoroughly, so the details of its effects are not well known.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

Tea pickers are frequently bitten by this species, but the bites are seldom fatal.1

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 4 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 110 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Large-scaled pit viper 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Large-scaled pit viper 大約 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It is a high-elevation specialist and is not normally recorded below 1200 m, with records between 1200 and 2695 m.1

It has an even number of dorsal scale rows, which is frequently found in this species but uncommon in snakes in general.1

給毒液專家

學名: Craspedocephalus macrolepis
類群: 蝮蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 亞洲
寶寶: It lays eggs. Sexually mature females lay clutches of 4 to 7 eggs, usually in October.1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3