第 0115 號，共 1 402 號

Painted coral snake

Micrurus corallinus

可能致命不治療的話可能會害死你。如果牠咬了你，要趕快求救。

咬吃：肉

The painted coral snake is a highly venomous snake with bold bands of red, black and white or yellow. It lives in eastern South America, in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. It is active at night and is not aggressive towards people.1

分布在

Eastern South America: Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay1

南美洲

首頁

It lives in coastal areas, leaf litter, and under logs and stones, mainly in forest from sea level up to 500 m. It is nocturnal, so it is most active at night.1

長度

65 cm 到 98 cm (2,1 ft 到 3,2 ft)1

最高速度

大約 4,9 km/h（3 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats caecilians, amphisbaenids, lizards (including gymnophthalmids) and other snakes (including colubrids).1

Painted coral snake 的照片 — Painted coral snake。照片：Nicolas Olejnik。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

The head is black with a white or yellow band across the back of the top of the head.1
Wide red rings alternate with narrower black rings that have white borders along the body.1
The tail has 3 to 8 black and yellow rings.1
It has a slim body and a small, round head that is little distinct from the neck.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom is neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves. It causes neuromuscular block, which stops nerves from signalling muscles properly. Paralysis of the breathing muscles can lead to death from respiratory arrest.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

Coral snakes cause about 1% of accidents in Central and South America. The venom is highly potent. In laboratory milking, the average yield was 10 to 12 mg, about twice the estimated lethal dose of 6 to 8 mg for an adult human.1

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，並趕快送醫院，就算咬傷看起來很小也一樣：症狀可能幾個小時後才出現。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 5 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 73 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Painted coral snake 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Painted coral snake 大約 4,9 km/h (3 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The largest venom yield recorded in the laboratory was 65 mg, enough to kill 5 to 6 people.1

Some of its toxins act before the nerve signal reaches the muscle. They make nerves release too much acetylcholine, a chemical messenger, and then block the signal to the muscle.1

Its venom contains many toxin families, including phospholipase A2 and three-finger toxins.1

Adult females can lay up to 15 eggs.1