第 0487 號，共 1 402 號

Salazar's pit viper

Trimeresurus salazar

名字的由來： It is named after Salazar Slytherin, a character from the Harry Potter series, who was famous for being a Parselmouth, someone who can talk to snakes.1

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

蝮蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

Salazar's pit viper is a slim, green venomous snake. Scientists first found it in 2019 in the lowlands of north-east India. It is special because it is a new species, named after a character from the Harry Potter books.1

分布在

Eastern Himalayas and north-east India, including Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Tripura. Also in Bhutan and Chhattisgarh, India.1

亞洲

首頁

It lives in lowland areas, at about 172 metres above sea level in the places where it was first recorded. It is nocturnal, and has been seen coiled on shrubs at night. Its habitat is under threat from road building, farming and hydroelectric projects.1

長度

36 cm 到 42 cm (1,2 ft 到 1,4 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,3 km/h（2,1 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

The diet of pit vipers in the genus Trimeresurus includes lizards, amphibians, birds, rodents and other small mammals.1

Salazar's pit viper 的照片 — Salazar's pit viper。照片：[Photo by Aamod Zambre and Chintan Seth, Eaglenest Biodiversity Project] Mirza ZA, Bhosale HS, Phansalkar PU, Sawant M, Gowande GG, Patel H (2020) A new species。 CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Its head is dark green, and the rest of its body is yellowish green.1
Males have a reddish-orange stripe along the side of the head and body, and a rusty red-orange tail. Females lack these markings.1
Juveniles are brightly coloured, and the males' head stripe is much more prominent.1
Adults reach about 36 to 41 cm long, with a triangular head that is clearly distinct from the neck.1

常被誤認為： It is often confused with the white-lipped pit viper (Trimeresurus albolabris), the Trimeresurus septentrionalis and the Trimeresurus insularis. Salazar's pit viper has more teeth in its lower and upper jaw, a reddish-orange head stripe in males, and a smaller hemipenis (the male reproductive organ).1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2,5 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長跟 13 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 110 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Salazar's pit viper 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Salazar's pit viper 大約 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The house of Slytherin at Hogwarts is shown with a snake and linked to the colour green, which is why this snake was named after him.1

Two specimens of this species had been in the Natural History Museum of Denmark since they were collected by a Danish naturalist between 1811 and 1816. They had been wrongly labelled as white-lipped pit vipers.1

Pit vipers in the Trimeresurus genus look so alike that they are hard to tell apart in the field, so their true number may be higher than known.1

It was first found in 2019 during a reptile expedition to the Eastern Himalayas, and it was the fifth new reptile species found in Arunachal Pradesh that year.1

破解迷思

迷思： The two museum specimens from Denmark were white-lipped pit vipers.

真相： They were Salazar's pit vipers, a new species. They had been wrongly labelled, and were only recognised as new after comparison and DNA analysis.1